FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 247 



vol. 26, p. 634, fig. 5, 1903 (type).— Smith and Radclifie, Proc. U. S. Nat. 

 Mus., vol. 41, p. 679, 1912 (Miudauao Sea off north coast Mindanao; be- 

 tween Negros and Siquijor; Balayan Bay; Verde Island I'assage; off east- 

 ern Mindoro ; Malavatuan Island ; off west Jolo ; between Jolo and Tawi 

 Tawi).— Tanaka, Fishes of Japan, vol. 8, p. 133, pi. 36, figs. 137-141, 1912 

 (Mochiyama in Sagarai Sea, 300 fathoms). — Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 vol. 42, p. 401, 1912 (Mororan). — Gakman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, 

 p. 226, 1913 (Odawara). — Izuka and Matsutiba, Cat. Zool. Spec. Tokyo Mus. 

 Vertebrata, p. 189, 1920 (Tateyama, Boshiu). — Gilchrist, Marine Biol. 

 Surv. South Africa, Spec. Rep. No. 2, pt. 3, p. 49, 1922 (Natal, in 150-250 

 fathoms).— Fowler, Proc. 4th (1929) Pacific Sci. Congr., Java, p. 496, 1930 

 (Philippines and Japan). — Schmidt, Proc. 4th (1929) Pacific Sci. Congr., 

 Java, p. 461, 1930 (note) ; Trans. Pacific Comm. Acad. Sci. U. S. S. R., vol. 11, 

 p. 8, 1931 (Misaki).— Tanaka, Jap. Fish. Life Colours, No. 14, 1933.— Roxas 

 and Martin, Dept. Agr. Comm. Manila, Tech. Bull. 6, p. 15, 1937 (reference). 

 Spinax lucifer Regan, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 2, p. 45, 1908 (Japan). — 

 Weber, Siioga Exped., Fische, vol. 57, p. 597, 1913 (Flores Sea).— Norman, 

 Discovery Rep., vol. 12, p. 37, 1935 (lat. 34° 8' S., long. 17° 33' E., in 402?- 

 548 m.). 



Depth 8 to 9 to subcaudal origin; head 4% to 5, width 1% to 2. 

 Snout 2% to 3 in head, coriaceous, obtuse; eye 4 to 51/^, li/4 to ly^ 

 in snout, 1% to 1% in jnterorbital, orbit very large, depth about V^ 

 to 11/^ its length; dental width 2xV to 2% in head; teeth 28 rows 

 above, 32 below, upper with median lanceolate cusp, 3 or 4 graduated 

 inner cusps and 2 outer cusps of which outermost smaller; lower 

 cutting edge nearly horizontal, cusps low as compressed terminal 

 denticle to each tooth directed outward ; nostrils anterior, sublateral 

 and inferior, aperture width equals internarial, front valve small 

 triangular point; interorbital 2i^ to 2% in head, depressed. Gill 

 openings subequal in width with spiracles, last widest, before pectoral 

 origin. Spiracles superior, eye diameter behind and level with upper 

 part of eye. 



Scales are small or minute simple denticles, arranged in longi- 

 tudinal close-set series or rows on body above, flanks and over tail, 

 scattered irregularly over black-pigmented lower surfaces. Along 

 side of tail rows of scales most distinct. 



First dorsal origin at first % in space between pectoral and ventral 

 origins, spine subequal with eye, fin length 1% to 2V5 in head ; second 

 dorsal inserted nearer ventral origin than subcaudal, spine 2 to 2l^ 

 in head, fin length 1% to 1%; subcaudal front edge ly^ to 2, 2i/^ 

 to 2% in caudal length; least depth of caudal peduncle 6% to 7% 

 in head; pectoral 1% to 1%, width 11/5 to I14 its length; ventral 

 1% to 1% in head; each clasper bears 4 rather large, slender, terminal 

 antrorse spines and extends beyond ventrals. 



Back and sides rather dark brown, separated on flanks and side 

 of tail by lighter brown longitudinal bands from blackish of belly 

 and under surface of tail. On lower sides of tail from above ven- 



156861—41 17 



