250 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



in preoral length; interorbital 214 in head, convex. Hind gill open- 

 ings smaller and closer, last before pectoral. Spiracle large, oval, 

 about half orbital length above and behind eye. 



Skin with fine spineless tubercles as scales, arranged irregularly, 

 without longitudinal striae. Lateral line high, concurrent with back. 



First dorsal inserted about opposite depressed pectoral tip, fin 

 length 214 in head; second dorsal origin behind ventral base, fin 

 length 1% in head, spine 3; caudal 3% in rest of body, front sub- 

 caudal edge 2 in caudal ; least depth of caudal peduncle 8% in head ; 

 pectoral lys^ width half its length; ventral length 1% in head. 



Brownish-black, dark blackish lower side abruptly contrasted 

 except beneath hind edge of second dorsal and in oblong space above 

 ventral, where skin of lower side colored like back. Upper eyelid 

 with crescentic milk-white border posteriorly. Triangular milk- 

 white blotch on interorbital medially. Fins, except caudal, paler 

 than body, outer portions whitish. Caudal brownish black, tip 

 darker, broad paler transverse band before terminal dark part. 

 Length, 201 mm. (Tanaka.) 



Japan. Also in the Atlantic at the Madeira Islands. Garman 

 says the scales are variable, diverse on different parts of the body, 

 commonly with a broad tetragonal 4-pronged base under the skin 

 and a small exposed quadrangular superstructure surrounded by a 

 ridge with or without serrations or spinules and with hindmost 

 angle produced in a depressed spine. In some cases the crown is con- 

 cave, in others convex, in still others it forms a tubercle or short spine. 



Subgenus Etmopterus Rafinesque 



ETMOPTERUS VILLOSUS Gilbert 



Etmopterus villosus Gilbert, Bull. U. S. Fish. Comm., yoI. 23, pt. 2 (1903) 

 p. 580, pi. 66, 1905 (type locality: off south coast Molokai, in 222-49S fath- 

 oms). — Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 225, 1913 (type).— 

 FowLEE, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 23, 1928 (type) ;' Proc. 4th (1929) 

 Pacific Sci. Congr. Java, p. 496, 1930 (type). 



Spinax granulosus (part) Regan, Ann, Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8, vol. 2, p. 44, 

 1908 (note). 



Depth 61/^ to subcaudal lobe origin; head 3%, width I14. Snout 

 3% in head, pliable, depressed, length half its width; eye 5i/4 in 

 head, 1% in snout, orbital slit ly^ in interorbital; dentary width 2 

 in head, labial fold deep at upper jaw angle, its length but little less 

 than horizontal orbital slit; teeth above in 27 rows, 29 rows below, 

 tricuspid with median cusp longest; nostrils large, % horizontal 

 orbital slit, internasal l^ mouth width; interorbital broadly convex. 

 Gill openings l^ of eye. Spiracle large, transverse, superior behind 

 eye, width % of pupil. 



