220 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



head, base length I14 to lYs in head; anal length 2 to ^% in head, 

 ends in long narrowed point behind nearly long as that of soft 

 dorsal; subcaudal V/2 to 1%, 2i/4 to 2% in caudal; least depth of 

 caudal peduncle 3% to 4 in head; pectoral II/3 to 1%, width 1% to 

 1-% in its length; ventral length 1% to 2% in head. 



Gray to gray-brown above, whitish below. Fins more or less 

 blackish terminally. 



Red Sea, Arabia, Zanzibar, Natal, Madagascar, Seychelles, India, 

 Malay Peninsula, Pinang, Singapore, East Indies, Philippines, Indo- 

 China, China, Formosa, Korea, Japan, Queensland, New South 

 Wales, Victoria, South Australia, New Zealand, Polynesia, Hawaii. 

 Also in the Eastern Pacific and tropical Atlantic. This species is 

 somewhat variable, not only w^ith individuals but with age. Waite 

 separated the Australian form on account of the short nasal groove 

 along the front of the head, noting "each groove is less than one- 

 third the width of the head measured between the preocular prom- 

 inences". To this he applied Zygaena lewini Griffith, whose figure 

 does not seem to differ from the cormnon hammer head. McCoy's 

 figure of Zygaena tnalleus is similar, both showing the concavity 

 above the nostril rather deep. Hilgendorf 's reproduction of Ehren- 

 berg's Zygasna erythraea shows the concavity above the nostril shal- 

 low, or more as in Garman's Cestracion oceanica^ though as it 

 seems somewhat faulty in some other respects I hesitate to place it 

 with that species. It shows the groove from the nostril about Vs of 

 space to middle of snout. 



6120. Iloilo market. June 2, 1908. Length, 785 mm. 



A422. Jolo market. March 6, 1908. Length, 498 mm. 



6314. Manila market. June 25, 1908. Length, 550 mm. 



6755. Manila market. April 20, 1908. Length, 420 mm. 



U.S.N.M. No. 40014. Richmond River, New South Wales. Australian Museum. 



U.S.N.M. No. 40026. Richmond River. Australian Museum. Length, 420 mm. 



U.S.N.M. No. 51209. Hawaiian Islands. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries. 



U.S.N.M. No. 51289. Wakanoura, Japan. D. S. Jordan and J. O. Snyder. 



U.S.N.M. No. 51291. Nagasaki. D. S. Jordan and J. O. Snyder. 



U.S.N.M. No. 52642. Hawaiian Islands. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries (03309). 

 Length, 510 mm. 



U.S.N.M. No. 52644. Hawaiian Islands. U. S. Bureau of Fisheries (2552). 

 Length, 568 mm. 



U.S.N.M. No. 56337. Philippines. G. A. Lung. Length, 460 mm. 



U.S.N.M. No. 71779. Tokyo market. Albatross collection. 



U.S.N.M. No. 72476. Batavia, Java. Bryant and Palmer. Length, 470 mm. 



1 example. A.N.S.P. Padang, Sumatra. Harrison and Hiller. Length, 

 628 mm. When fresh in arrack, dark slaty brown above and over greater por- 

 tion of body. Abdomen, head below, and bases of pectoral and ventral dull 

 creamy buff or white. Pectoral tips below and tip of lower caudal lobe black. 

 Peritoneum white. 



