FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 285 



Thaumas (not Hiiebner 1820, Ehrenberg 1832) Mxjnsteb, Beitr. Petrefak., vol. 



5, p. 62, 1842. (Type, Thawnns alifer Munster, monotypic. Fossil.) 

 Phorcynis Thiolli£re, Poiss. Fossiles Bugey, p. 9, 1854. (Type, Phorcynis 



catulina Thiolliere, monotypic. Fossil.) 

 Soaldia (not Ryckholt 1851 in mollusks) Le Hon, Prelim. M^m. Poiss. Tert. 



Beige, p. 7, 1871. (Type, Scaldia biforis Le Hon, monotypic. Fossil.) 

 Trigonodus (not Newberry and Worthen, 1866) Winkleb, Arch. Mus. Teyler, 



vol. 4, p. 14, 1876. (Type, Trigonodus primus Winkler, monotypic. Fossil.) 



Body, head, and tail depressed and flattened. Head short, wide. 

 Eyes superior, eyeball free from edge of orbit. Mouth broad, one 

 labial fold on upper jaw and 2 on lower. Nostrils anterior, thin 

 fold along each side from nostril to angle of jaws. Front nasal 

 valve with 2 cirri and more or less fringed in young. Gill openings 

 5, crowded together before pectoral. Spiracle crescentic, behind eye. 

 Caudal axis not raised, supracaudal fin shorter and subcaudal widen- 

 ing backward. Blunt keel each side of tail posteriorly. Pectorals 

 broad, free from head. 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES 



a\ Mid-dorsal series of enlarged scales with age. 



?>\ Interspiracle width greater than Interorbital width japonica 



&'. Interspiracle width less than interorbital width tergocellata 



a". No mid-dorsal series of enhirged scales with age. 



c\ Dermal denticles not carinate australis 



c". Dermal denticles tricarinate africana 



SQUATINA JAPONICA Bleeker 



Sqnatina japonica Bleeker, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl. (Japan), vol. 3, No. 3, 

 p. 40, 1858 (type locality: Nagasaki). — Jordan and Sntdee, Proc. U. S. 

 Nat. Mus., vol. 23, p. 336 (Tokyo), p. 740 (Yokohama), 1900; Annot. Zool. 

 Japon., vol. 3, pp. 40, 129, 1901 (Yokohama; Nagasaki). — Jordan and 

 Fowler, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 641, 1903 (Kobe; Nagasaki).— 

 Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, p. 401, 1912 (Tokyo).— Izuka and 

 Matsutjra, Cat. Zool. Spec. Tokyo Mus. Vertebra ta, p. 188, 1920 (Tokyo 

 market). — Mori, Journ. Pan Pacific Res. Inst., vol. 3, p. 3, 1928 (Fusan, 

 Korea).— FowLEB, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1929, p. 590, 1930 

 (Tokyo) ; Proc. 4th (1929) Pacific Sci. Congr., Java, p. 497, 1930 (Japan) ; 

 Hong Kong Nat., vol. 1, p. 130, 1930 (Japan). — Schmidt and Lindbekg, Bull. 

 Acad. Sci. U. S. S. R., p. 136, 1930 (Tsuruga).— Fang and Wang, Contr, 

 Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, vol. 8, p. 254, fig. 18, 1932 ( Chef oo).— Wang, 

 Contr. Biol. Lab. Sci. Soc. China, vol. 9, p. 96, 1933 (Chusan). 



Rhina japonica Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 255, 1913 (Japan). — 

 Schmidt, Trans. Pacific Comm. Acad. Sci. U. S. S. R., vol. II, p. 10, 1931 

 (Nagasaki).— Tanaka, Jap. Fish, Life Colours, No. 28, 1933. 



Sqnatina vulgaris (not Risso) Mullee and Henle, Syst. Beschr. Plagiostomen, 

 pi. 35, 1841 (snout). — Schlegel, in Siebold's Fauna Japonica. Poiss., 

 pt. 15, p. 305, pi. 136, 1850 (southwest coast, Japan). — Ble:eker, Verh. 

 Batav. Genootsch. (Japan), vol. 25, p. 21, 1853 (Japan) ; (Japan), vol. 26, 

 p. 44, 1857 (Japan). 



Rhina vulgaris Martens, Preuss. Bxped. Ost-Asien, vol. 1, p. 409, 1876 (Yoko- 

 hama). 



