FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND x\DJACENT SEAS 319 



nearly twice internarial space; front valve not extending inward. 

 Mouth nearly straight. 



Denticles somewhat enlarged on back, scapular region, and top of 

 head ; series of strong compressed spines in median line of back, 2 on 

 each shoulder, and several around orbits and above spiracles. 



First dorsal about twice high as long, origin space behind base of 

 ventral IV5 to 114 that between two dorsals, base 2I/3 to 21^ in 

 interdorsal space. 



Length, 330 to 405 mm. (Norman.) 



Red Sea, Malaya, East Indies. 



RHINOBATOS TYPUS Bennett 



Rhinobatus typiis Bennettt, Life of Raflles, p. G94, 1830 (type locality: Sumatra). 

 Rhinohatus armatus Gray, lUustr. Indian Zool. Hardwicke, vol. 2, pts. 13-14, 

 pi. 99, 1832-34 (type locality: India) ; List fish British Museum, p. 90, 1851 

 (reference). — Bleeker, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. (Bengal), vol. 25, p. 16, 

 1853 (reference) ; Nat. Tijdschr. Nederland. Indie, vol. 5, p. 154, 1S53 (iWacas- 

 sar) ; vol. 15, p. 243, 1858 (Singapore) ; vol. 22, p. 98, 1860 (Nev,- Guinea) ; 

 Versl. Meded. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, ser. 2, vol. 2, p. 298, 1868 (Waigiu).— 

 Peters, Monatsb. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876, p. 853 (Bougainville Island). — 

 GiJNTHEK, Journ. Mus. Godeffruy, pt. 17, p. 492, 1910 (compiled). — Ogilby, 

 Mem. Queensland Mus., vol. 3, p. 132, 1915 (Moreton Bay) ; Commerce. Fish 

 Fisher. Queensland, p. 45, 1915 (Moreton Bay) ; vol. 5, pp. 85, 95, fig. 1 

 (ventral view) 1916 (Queensland coast). — McCulloch and Whitijsy, Mem. 

 Queensland Mus., vol 8, pt. 2, p. 129, 1925 (reference). — Norman, Proc. Zool. 

 Soc. London, p. 952, text fig. 6, 1926 (India, Singapore, Macassar, type of 

 Rhinohatus typus, Cape York, Groote Eyland, West Australia). — Whitley, 

 Australian Zoologist, vol. 4, p. 228, 1926 (North West Islet and Townsville, 

 Queensland). — Herbe, Fishes Herre Philippine Exped., 1931, p. 12, 1934 

 (Sitanki). 



Rhinohatus {Rhinohatus) armatus Mijller and Henle, Syst. Beschr. Plagiosto- 

 men, p. 119, 1841 (India). — Bleeker, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. (Plagiost.), vol. 

 24, p. 60, 1852 (Samarang and Singapore) ; Nat. Tijdschr. Nederland. Indie, 

 vol. 3, p. (54) 85, 1852 (Singapore; Samarang); Verh. Batav. Genootsch. 

 (Bengal), vol. 25, p. 82, 1853 (reference) ; Nat. Tijdschr. Nederland. Indie, 

 vol. 9, p. 283, 1855 (Macassar) ; Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-N6erl., vol. 1, No. 3, 

 p. 10, 1856 (Macassar); vol. 6, No. 2, p. 3, 1859 (Doreh, New Guinea).— 

 DuMERn., Hist. Nat. Elasmobr., vol. 1, p. 494, pi. 10, fig. 4 (scutes), 1865 

 (type "sans indication d'origine"). 



Rhinobatos armatus Fowler, List P'ish. IMalaya, p. 13 (246) 1938 (reference). 



Raja (Rhinohatus) armatus Bleeker, Nederland. Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 2, p 

 271, 1865 (reference). 



Rhinohatus (jranulatus (not Cuvier) GiJNTHER, Cat. Fishes British Mus., vol. 8, 

 p. 443, 1870 (India; type of Rhinohatus typus).— Bxy, Fishes of India, pt. 4, 

 p. 732, 1878. 



Rhinohatus halavi (not ForskSl) Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 

 275, 1913 (part).— Chevey, Inst. Oceanogr. Indochine, 19* note, p. 7. 1932 

 (Indo China).— R0XA8 and Martin, Dept. Agr. €omm. Manila, Tech. Bull. 6, 

 p. 16, 1937 (reference). 



Rhinobatos halavi Fowler, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, 1928, p. 24 (compiled). 



