FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 373 



Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. Kl., vol. 117, pt. 1, p. 646, 1908 

 (Japan). — Izuka and Matsxtuea, Cat. Zool. Spec. Tokyo Mus. Vertebrata, 

 p. 187, 1920 (Tokyo). — Jordan and Hubbs, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 10, p. 

 113, 1925 (Misaki, Toyama, Miyazu). — Fowles, Proc. 4th (1929) Pacific 

 Sci. Congr., Java, p. 501, 1930 (Japan) ; Hong Kong Nat., vol. 1, p. 136, fig. 

 18, 1930 (Japan). — Soldatov and Lindbebg, Bull. Pacific Sci. Fisher. Inst., 

 vol. 5, p. 19, 1930 (Far East Seas). — Schmidt, Trans. Pacific Comm. Acad. 

 Sci. U.S.S.R., vol. 11, p. 11, 1931 (Nagasaki; Kagoshima ; Misaki; Fusan).— 

 Tanaka, Jap. Fish. Life Colours, No. 31, 1933. — Takanetz, Bull. Associate 

 Acad. Sci. S.S.S.R., Nos. 1-3, p. 67, 1933.— Wang, Coutrib. Biol. Lab. Sci. 

 Soc. China, vol. 9, p. 105, fig. 7, 1933 ( Chusan ) .—Takanetz, Bull. Associate 

 Acad. Sci. S.S.S.R., No. 13, 1935 (note). 



Rata kenojei Gabman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p, 351, pi. 24, figs. 1-2, 

 1913 (Idzu Sea, Japan). 



Raja meerdervoortii Bleekes, Act. Soc. Sci. Indo-Neerl., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 66, 1860 

 (type locality: Nagasaki). — Piettschmann, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 

 math.-nat. KL, vol. 117, pt. 1, p. 642, 1908 (Japan). — Izuka and Matsuura, 

 Cat. Zool. Spec. Tokyo Mus. Vertebrata, p. 187, 1920 (Agamushi). 



Raja meerdervoorti Jordan and Snyder, Annot. Zool. Japon., vol. 3, p. 42, 1901 

 (reference). — Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 42, p. 401, 1912 (Otaru, 

 Mororan, Hakodate). 



Raja japonica Nysteom, Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl., vol. 13, pt. 4, p. 52, 1887 (type 

 locality: Nagasaki). — Jordan and Snyder, Annot. Zool. Japon., vol. 3, p. 42, 

 1901 (reference). 



Raja smimovi (not Soldatov and Pavlenko) Jordan and Hubbs, Mem. Carnegie 

 Mus., vol. 10, p. Ill, 1925. 



Raja tengu (not Jordan and Fowler) Soldatov and Lindbekg, Bull. Pacific Sci. 

 Fisher. Inst., vol. 5, p. 20, fig. 3, 1930 (Far East Seas). 



Depth 131/2 to 15 to end of tail ; head 4l^ to 41/2 ; disk length I14 

 to ly^ in its width and tail less than disk. Snout II/2 to 1% in head, 

 tip slightly produced and rounded ; eye 4 to 4% in snout, 2I/2 to 2% 

 in interorbital ; dentary width 3 to 3l^ in head; teeth in 30 to 45 

 rows in jaws, small, each with low cusp as keel; nostrils small, inter- 

 narial space equals dentary width, front section of inner nasal valve 

 little longer than hind valve ; interorbital 2I/2 to 2% in head, depressed 

 concavely. Gill openings small, equidistant, subequal. Spiracle sub- 

 equal with eye, close behind eye, edge without grooves. 



Body largely smooth, especially with age. In young tubercles 

 strong and prominent, 2 preocular, 1 above each spiracle, 1 occipital 

 with median vertebral row beginning on tail about opposite ventral 

 origins, continued as 10 to 13 spines to first dorsal and 1 or 2 in inter- 

 dorsal ; with age spines much less distinct and largely evident only on 

 tail posteriorly. 



First dorsal broad, length 3l^ to 4 in head ; second dorsal similar, 

 3% to 4; caudal low, continuous fold from second dorsal; pectoral 

 rather obtusely rounded ; ventral length 1% to IY2 in head ; claspers 

 broad, flat, extend % to hind ventral tips. 



