342 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Eunarce Fowler, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sei. Philadelphia, 1910, p. 472. (Type, 



Torpedo narke Risso, orthotypic.) 

 Notastrape Whitley, Rec. Austral. Mus., vol. 18, p. 327, 1932. (Type, Nota- 



strape macneUli Whitley, orthotypic.) 



Disk wider than long, subcircular. Tail distinct, short, with low 

 keel each side. Snout short, weak, flexible. Rostral cartilage weak, 

 short, reduced to pair of slender rods. Mouth crescentic, with longi- 

 tudinal fold at each angle. Teeth small, in pavement, bases broad, 

 crown with an acute angle directed inward. Spiracles moderate, 

 close behind eyes, with or without fringed edges. Two dorsals. Cau- 

 dal well developed. Ventrals not united, anteriorly below pectorals. 



Tropical and temperate seas. The species are evidently quite 

 variable and the slight structural differences, such as the position 

 of the dorsal fins are apparently unreliable. 



ANALYSIS OF SPECIES 



a\ ToKPEDo. Spiracles fringed, at least in young. 



&\ Body marbled or spotted finely with darker marmorata 



b^ Body marked with variable or irregular large and small dark spots. 



sinus persici 

 a\ Teteonabce. Spiracles entire, not fringed. 



c\ Base of first dorsal and ventral bases ending even fairchildi 



c*. Base of first dorsal lialf above ventral bases nobiliana 



c'. Base of first dorsal with le.ss than half its base over ventrals— tokionis 



Subgenus Torpedo Houttuyn 



TORPEDO MARMORATA Risso 



Torpedo marmorata Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 20, pi. Ill, fig. 4, 1810 (type locality: 

 Nice). — GxncHENOT, Mem. Soc. Sci. Nat. Cherbourg, vol. 12, p. 20, 1866 

 (Madagascar). — Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 8, p. 450, 1870 (Port 

 Natal). — BotTLENGEB, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 18S9, p. 243 (Muscat). — 

 Sauvage, Hist. Nat. Madagascar, Poiss., p. 2, 1891 (Madagascar). — Regan, 

 Ann. Natal Gov. Mus., 1908, p. 242 (Bird Island, Congella, Algoa Bay),— 

 Annandale, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 2, p. 42, pi. 3a, fig. 4 (teeth), pi. 5, fig. 3, 

 1909 (Puri and Quilon). — Zugmayer, Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., math.-phys. 

 KL, vol. 26, pt. 6, p. 8, 1913 (Mekran). — Gilchrist and Thompson, Ann. 

 Durban Mus., vol. 1, pt. 3, p. 286, 1916 (reference). 



Uarcacion marmoratus Gaeman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 305, pi. 61, 

 figs. 1-3 (embryos), pi. 67, fig. 1-2, 1913. 



Narcobatus marmoratus Barnard, Ann. South African Mus., vol. 21, pt. 1, p. 90, 

 pi. 5, fig. 4, 1925. 



Raja torpedo (part) Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, vol. 1, p. 231, 1758. 



Narcobatus torpedo Fowleb, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1910, p. 472 

 (Bonaparte material). 



Raja maculata Shaw, General zoology, vol. 5, p. 316, 1804 [on Temeree Russell, 

 Fishes of Coromandel, vol. 1, p. 1, pi. 1, 1803 (type locality: Vizagapatam) ]. 



Raja licolor Shaw, General zoology, vol. 5, p. 316, 1804 [on Nalla temeree 

 Russell, Fishes of Coromandel, vol. 1, p. 2, pi. 2, 1803 (type locality : Vizaga- 

 patam)]. 



