FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 409 



2 examples A.N.S.P. Padang. Sumatra. A. C. Harrison and H. L. Killer. Disk 

 196 to 225 mm. Brown above, darker in disk center and on disk posteriorly 

 number of round whitish spots with darker brown borders than body color. 

 Tail basally with similar spots and most entire length with many equal 

 whitish rings. Below white, tinted pale brown along edges. 



DASYATIS GERRARDI (Gray) 



Trygon gcrrardi Gray, List fish British Mus., p. 116, 1851 (type locality: 



India).— GtJNTHEB, Cat. Fishes British Mus., vol. 8, p. 474, 1870 (types: 



East Indies: Japan). — Elera, Cat. Fauna Filip.. vol. 1, p. 620, 1895 (Lu- 

 zon, Cavite, Santa Cruz). — Volz, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederland. Indie, vol. 66, 



p. 240, 1907 (Priaman, Padang, Benkulen). 

 Trygon gerrardii Axnandale, Mem. Indian Mus., vol. 2, p. 24, pi. 2, fig. 2, 



pi. 3, fig. 6 (mouth), 1909 (Burma, Chittagonge, Orissa). 

 Leiobatis gerrardi Bleekeb, Arch. Neerland. Sci. Nat., vol. 13, p. 36, 1878 (New 



Guinea ) . 

 Himantura gerrardi Jordan and Snyder, Annot. Zool. Japon., vol. 3, p. 42, 1901 



("Japan"). 

 Dasybatns gerrardi Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 377, 1913 



(India, East Indies, Samoa, Zanzibar). 

 Dasyatis gerrardi Fowxer, Mem. Bishop Mus., vol. 10, p. 24, 1928 (compiled) ; 



Proc. 4th (1929) Pacific Sci. Congr., Java., p. 504, 1930 (reference) ; List 



Fish. Malaya, p. 16, 1938 (reference). 

 Trygon macrurus Bleekee, Nat. Tijdschr. Nederland. Indie, vol. 3, p. 607, 1852 



(type locality: Padang, Batavia, Samarang) ; Verh. Batav. Genootsch. 



(Plagiost.), vol. 24, p. 74. 1852 (Batavia, Samarang, Padang) ; Act. Soc. 



Sci. Ind.-Neerl. (Sumatra), vol, 8, p. 11, 1860 (Priaman) ; Nat. Tijdschr. 



Nederland. Indie, vol. 20, pp. 239, 447, 1859^-60 (Singapore) ; Nederland. 



Tijdschr. Dierk., vol. 1, p. 73, 1863 (Banka). 

 Trygon liocepJiaJus Klunzinger, Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, p. 678, 



1871 (type locality: Koseir, Red Sea). 

 Himantura fat Jordan and Seale, Bull. Bur. Fisher., vol. 25 (1905), p. 184, 



fig. 2, 1906 (type locality: Apia, Samoa). 

 Trygon varnak (part) GiJNTHER, Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, pt. 17, p. 492, 1910 



(on Jordan and Seale). 



Head to hind spiracle edge III/2 in total length. Snout II/2 in head 

 to hind spiracle edge, seen above meets at widely obtuse angle, not 

 projecting; orbit 5, 3% in snout, 3I/4 in interorbital ; mouth width 1% 

 in snout; teeth in about 13 upper rows, 23 below; interorbital I14 

 in head. Spiracle close behind eye, subequal. 



Seven small spines, close-set vertebral row over last half of bran- 

 chial area above center of disk; few scattered minute asperities 

 scarcely showing through skin near vertebral spines and on inter- 

 orbital, otherwise disk entirely smooth. Upper surface of tail with 

 scattered small asperities. 



Tail long, whiplike, without any folds (spine removed) ; disk 

 subquadrangular, length I14 in its width or 2%o i^i tail, front edges 

 slightly sinuous, outer angles broadly rounded, hind edges convex 

 with ends obtuse. 



