FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 365 



in head to spiracle, firm interspace 2%. Spiracle little oblique, 

 close behind eye. 



Upper surface with 4-rooted asperities on snout, interorbital, 

 anterior, posterior and outer margins of pectoral, back, and tail; 

 with or without spine before orbit; median series of spines on back 

 and tail, former sometimes incomplete or absent; Iqwer surface 

 smooth. 



Dorsals small, well separated; pectorals form rhomboid disk, 

 front rays extend quite close up to snout point, front margin un- 

 dulate, outer angle rounded, hind edge convex. 



Brownish, with or without whitish spots. Lower surface white, 

 sometimes blotched with black, also tail. Reaches 650 mm. (Barn- 

 ard.) 



South Africa, Kerguelen Island. 



RAJA ALBA Lac§pede 



Raja alia Lao£p£de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, pp. 661, 663, pi. 20, fig. 1, 1803 (type 



locality: Rouen, France). — von Bonde and Swabt, Fishes Marine Surv. 



South Africa, Spec. Rep., No. 5, p. 5, 1923. — Nobman, Discovery Rep., vol. 12, 



pp. 37, 40, 1935 (Kalk Bay, Simonstowu, Agulhas Bank, Cape St. Blaize ; 



Bird L, Natal). 

 Rain alba Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 332, 1913 (coasts of 



Europe). 

 Raja rostrata (not Shaw and Nodder) Lac£p£de, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 4, pp. 



660, 672, 1802 (Rouen, France). (On Noel).— Fowleb, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. 



Philadelphia, 1910, p. 471 (Bonaparte material). 

 Raja marginata LAcfip^DE, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, pp. 662, 663, pi. 20, fig. 2, 



1803 (type locality: Dieppe, Liverpool, Brighton). — Bonaparte, Iconogr. 



Fauna Itali., Pesci, vol. 3, pt. 2, fasc. 6, descr., pi., fig. (2 of male), 1834 



(Italy) ; Cat. Metod. Pesci Europei, p. 16, 1846 (Mediterranean and Atlantic). 

 Raia marginata Thompson, Marine Biol. Rep. South Africa, No. 2, p. 158, 1914. — 



Barnard, Ann. South African Mus., vol. 21, pt. 1, p. 65, pi. 4, fig. 1, 1925 



(Walfish, Table and Algoa Bays, Natal). 

 Raia rostellata Risso, Ichth. Nice, p. 8, pis. 1-2, figs. 1-2, 1810 (type locality: 



Nice). 

 Raia hicolor (not Shaw) Risso, Hist. Nat. Europe merid., Poissons, vol. 3, p. 155, 



1826 (Nice). 

 Laeviraja bramante Sassi, Nuov. Annal. Sci. Nat. Bologna, ser. 2, vol. 6, p. 387, 



1846 (type locality: "Mare di Genova"). 

 Raia stabuliforis (not Garman) von Bonde and Swart, Fisher. Marine Surv. 



South Africa, Spec. Rep. No. 3, 1922, p. 12, 1924 (Mossel Bay). 



Head to spiracle 4 in total ; disk length ly^ its width, tail 1% in rest 

 of body. Snout ly^ in head measured to spiracle, rostral cartilages 

 separate not quite their basal quarter; snout end abruptly narrowed 

 into long acute projection; eye 71/2 in head to spiracle, 6 in snout, 

 2% in interorbital ; teeth 40 to 46, with sharp points in male ; inter- 

 narial less than space from nostril to snout tip. Spiracles behind eye 

 their diameter, about equal eye. 



