366 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Upper surface smooth; spine usually before and one behind each 

 orbit; median row of spines on tail, with another series each side; 

 lower surface with small 4-rooted spines and asperities on snout and 

 along front pectoral edge. 



First dorsal about long as eye, well separated from second. Front 

 pectoral edge deeply concave, disk edge undulate, hind edges broadly 

 convex or even concave near outer angle, which triangular. 



Brownish, uniform or more or less spotted with white, darker 

 towards pectoral ends. Lower surface white, tail and edges of pec- 

 torals and ventrals often brownish or blackish, especially in young. 

 Reaches 2,100 mm. (Barnard.) 



South Africa. Also in the Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean. 



Snout 1% to iy2 in head; orbit li/io to ly^ in interorbital ; mouth 

 width l%o to 21^ in head; teeth in 38 to 41 rows above, 35 to 40 below ; 

 internarial 2% to 2% in head ; preoral length V/q to I14 ; interorbital 

 3l^ to 4. 



An anterior superciliary recurved spine and usually 1 posterior, 

 sometimes absent; front disk edge below and median snout surface, 

 also its edges, finely asperous. 



First dorsal length 2% to 3 in head; front ventral edge 1% to 2. 



Pectorals margined dusky in most examples. 

 6 examples. A.N.S.P. Italy. C. L. Bonaparte. Length, 225-335 mm. 



RAJA FUSCA Garman 



Raja ftisca Gabman, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 8, p. 42, 1885 (type locality: 

 Japan ) .—Jordan and Fowler, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 26, p. 649, 1903 

 (copied). — PiETscHMANN, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat Kl., vol. 

 117, pt. 1, p. 645, 1908 (Japan). — Jordan and Hubbs, Mem. Carnegie Mus., 

 vol. 10, No. 2, p. 110, 1925 (Toyama, Misaki, Yokohama market). — Fowler, 

 Proc. 4th (1929) Pacific Sci. Congr., Java, p. 501, 1930 (reference). — Schmidt, 

 Trans. Pacific Comm. Acad. Sci. U. S. S. R., p. 11, figs. 2-3, 1931 (Misaki). 



Raia fusca Garman, Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 36, p. 349, pi. 24, figs. 4r-5, 

 1913 (Yedo Bay).— Lin, Sci. Rep. Nat. Tsing Hua Univ., ser. B, vol. 1, p. 

 163, figs. 11-lla, 1932 (Tsingtao). 



Raja kenojei (not Miiller and Henle) Jordan and Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 vol. 23, p. 337, 1900 ( Tokyo ) .—Jordan and Fowler, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 

 vol. 26, p. 652, 1903 (Misaki, Tokyo, Wakenoura, Kobe, Tsuruga, Naga- 

 saki). — Schmidt, Fishes Western seas Russia, p. 289, 1904 (Gensan). — Jor- 

 dan and Stakks, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., vol. 31, p. 515, 1906 (Port Arthur, 

 Manchuria). — Pietschmann, Sitz. Ber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. Kl., 

 vol. 117, pt. 1, p. 646, 1908 (Japan). — Berg, Faune Russie, Poiss., vol. 1, p. 92; 

 1911 (Gensan). — Jordan and Thompson, Mem. Carnegie Mus., vol. 6, p. 

 208, 1914 (Schinabara, Misaki). — Jordan and Hubbs, Mem. Carnegie Mus., 

 vol. 10, p. 112, 1925 (Toyama; Misaki; Yokohama). — Mori, Journ. Pan 

 Pacific Res. Inst., vol. 3, p. 3, 1928 (Mokpo and Jinsen, Korea). — Fowler, 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1929, p. 590 (Tokyo), p. 579, 1930 

 (Hongkong). 



