510 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Callorhynchus antarcUcus (not Linnaeus) Guntheb, Cat. Fishes British Mus., 

 vol. 8, p. 351, 1870 (part). — Vaiixant, Mission Sci. Cap Horn, Poiss., 

 p. 16, 1888 (Estnaire de Santa Cruz de Patagonia). — Garman, Bull. Mus. 

 Comp. Zool., vol. 17, p. 74, pis. 3^, 1888 (lateral canal system).— Philippi, 

 Anal. Mus. Nac. Chile, sec. 1, pi. 4, 1892. 



CaUorynchus tritoris Garman, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 41, p. 271, pi. 6, fig. 9, 

 1904 [type locality: Mexillones, Peru (on nearly complete skeleton)] ; Mem. 

 Mus. Comp. Zool., vol. 40, p. 101, 1911 (copied). 



Depth 41/^ to subcaudal origin; head 3%. Snout II/2 in head; eye 

 5, 3% in snout; tritors of dental plates commonly elongate bars, as 

 in young, not swollen and fused posteriorly, thus 2 tritors on each 

 palatine plate ; interorbital low. 



Lateral line with short waves between ventrals and anal, below 

 second dorsal, otherwise rather straight. 



Dorsal spine inserted nearly over gill opening, nearly long as head, 

 hind edge barbed terminally; second dorsal origin opposite ventral 

 origin, front fin edge 2% in head or II/2 in fin base; anal begins 

 opposite end of second dorsal, length 3% in head ; caudal 2V5 in rest 

 of body, front subcaudal edge 3i/^ in head; pectoral reaches % to 

 ventral, length 2% to subcaudal origin, width 21^ its length ; ventral 

 2% in head. 



With age more or less uniform silvery, varying pale or dark. 

 Young with black spots on dorsal bases, on second dorsal tip, row 

 of 4 or 5 along lateral line from second dorsal forward, sometimes 

 large spot below eye and another above pectoral, also 1 on ventrals 

 and one on subcaudal. (Lay and Bennett; Garman.) 



Chile, Peru. Known chiefly by its short pectorals. 



Subclass TELEOSTOMI 



Jaws and fins normally fishlike. Membrane head bones, as opercle, 

 preopercle etc., developed. Skeleton sometimes cartilaginous, usually 

 bony. Skull with sutures. Bones supporting fin rays called ac- 

 tinosts or pterygials, greatly modified, though concealed by body 

 integument. Usually 2 bones connect pectoral fin with shoulder 

 girdle. Hypercoracoid flat, square, usually perforated by foramen. 

 Variation in coracoids, sometimes imperfect or specially modified. 

 Lungs imperfectly developed, or degraded to form swim-vessel, or 

 entirely absent. Heart developed, divided into an auricle, ventricle 

 and arterial bulb. Gills with outer edges free, their bases attached 

 to bony arches, normally four pairs and fifth pair typically modified 

 into tooth-bearing lower pharyngeals. Ova small. Median and 

 paired fins usually developed, latter with distinct rays. No claspers. 



Among these, the true fishes, a number of the more generalized 

 orders group themselves into several series, of which the ganoids 

 may be considered first. 



