584 BULLETIN 10 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Scales regularly arranged, rather firm, strongly striated, edges 

 finely crenulated. 



D. 19, end midway between snout and end of tail; A. 28 or 29; 

 caudal deeply forked; pectoral rays 16, twice long as ventral; ven- 

 tral origin opposite middle of dorsal. 



Bright silvery, back light purple. Front part of head and fins 

 yellow. Opercle gilt. Length, 77 mm. (Castelnau.) 



Northern Australia. 



Genus HARENGULA Valenciennes 



Harengtila Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 20, p. 201, 1847. (Type, Har- 



engula latulus Valenciennes= CZwpeo macroptlialma Ranzani, designated 



by Gill, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1861, p. 36.) 

 Clupalom Bleekeb, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. (Madura), vol. 22, p. 12, 1849. 



(Type, Clupalosa hiilan Bleeker, monotypic.) 

 Paralosa Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. Ind. Neerland., vol. 6, p. Ill, 1866-72. (Type 



Alansa mclanura (not Clupea mrlavnra Cuvier) Valenciennes, monotypic.) 

 Lilc Jordan and Evermann, U. S. Nat. Miis., Bull. 47, pt. 1, p. 428, 1896. (Type, 



Clupea stoUfera- Jordan and Gilbert, monotypic.) 

 Wilkesina Fowler and Bean, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mns., vol. 63, p. 63, 1923. (Type, 



Harengula fijiensis Fowler and Bean, orthotypic.) 

 Herklotsella Fowleb, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, vol. 85, p. 246. 1933. 



(Type, Harengula dispilonotus Bleeker, orthotypic.) 



Body oblong or partly oblong, well compressed and body depth 

 usually more than 3 in length. Edge of upper jaw without median 

 notch. Dentition more or less complete, if so teeth present in jaws, 

 on palatines, pterygoids and tongue; always absent from vomer. 

 Vertebrae 39 to 44. Scales firmly adnate, thin. Dorsal with low 

 scaly basal sheath. Abdominal scutes with distinct spines or smooth. 

 Hind anal rays equal and transverse grooves of scales continuous. 



Small firmly scaled sardines, related to Sardmella and Sardina^ 

 but most of the species smaller and with the last two anal rays not 

 larger than those preceding. According to Regan's arrangement 

 the American species fall within the subgenus Harengula^ distin- 

 guished by the fewer lower gill rakers (27 to 33). Lile is here in- 

 cluded as another subgenus with largely scaleless caudal and a well 

 defined bluish lateral band. Harengula dispilonotus Bleeker is also 

 placed in a distinct subgenus as it shows a strikingly different color 

 pattern. 



Doubtfully referred to this genus is the imperfectly described: 



HARENGULA ABBREVIATA Valenciennes 



Harengula ahhreviata Valenciennes, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 20, p. 296, 1847 

 (type locality: "New Holland"). — Gunthek, Cat. Fishes British Mus., vol. 

 7, p. 413, 1868 (copied). 



Sardinella abbreviata McCulloch, Australian Mus. Mem., vol. 5, p. 38, 1929 

 (reference). 



