FISHES OF THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS AND ADJACENT SEAS 809 



in interorbital ; maxillary readies opposite front eye edge, expansion 

 2 in eye, length 3^/4 to 3% in head from snout tip; small maxillary 

 barbel 2]/^ in eye; lower jaws constricted narrowly and strongly pro- 

 truded before snout; interorbital 3i/^ to 4 in head from snout tip, 

 rather low, broadly convex ; suborbitals cover y^ to % of cheek. Gill 

 rakers 4+12, lanceolate, 2^/^ in gill filaments, which 1% in eye. 

 Pharyngeal teeth 1?, 3, 5-5, 3, 2, small, with small terminal hooks 

 and grinding surfaces. 



Scales 29 or 30 in lateral line to caudal base and 3 more on latter ; 

 5 above, 3 below, 13 predorsal, 12 or 13 around caudal peduncle. 

 Scales only slightly overlapping, often many may be entirely sep- 

 arated. Scales with 1 to 20 basal striae, usually feeble or imperfect ; 

 circuli fine, concentric, imperfect or obsolete apically. 



Figure 28. — Puntius palata (Herre) : Specimen from Lake Lanao, Mindanao. 



D. IV, 8, I, spines slender, fourth with hind edges feebly through 

 minutely serrated, first branched ray 1^4 to 1% in total head length ; 

 A. in, 5, 1, first branched ray 2 to 2i/^ ; least depth of caudal peduncle 

 2% to 3; pectoral 1% to 1%; ventral 1% to 2; caudal 31/5 to 31/3 

 in rest of body. 



Back brown, edge of each scale slightly darker. Middle and lower 

 portions of sides and under surfaces silvery white. Side of head 

 and iris bright silvery white. Faint leaden or grayish blotch, ill 

 defined, at caudal base. Edges of lips and front of snout narrowly 

 blackish. Fins largely grayish, lower ones paler to whitish. 



Lake Lanao, Mindanao. Known easily by strongly protruding 

 mandible and slender body. 



12 examples. Vicar market, Lake Lauao, Mindanao. May 23, 1908. Lengtli, 

 85-144 mm. 



