BIEDS OF ETHIOPIA AND KENYA COLONY 271 



in Ethiopia. He writes that although common in East Africa, it 

 seems to be very scarce in the northeastern part of the continent. 



In Ken3^a Colony it has been taken at many places, chiefly in the 

 southern part, along the line of the Uganda Kailway. Lamu, on 

 the coast, appears to be the most northern spot in Kenya from which 

 the bird was known previous to the present specimen from Reishat, 

 but the a]bsence of records was not significant as the bird was known 

 from farther north. 



Ecologically, it is restricted to the thorny bushveldt, the Acacia 

 and Mimosa savannas and thickets. The breeding season in Ethiopia 

 lasts from March to the middle of June. The eggs are laid in nests 

 of babblers such as Argya ruhiginosa. Erlanger °^ records eggs as 

 early as March 26 and as late as June 13. One or two eggs are laid 

 in a nest, but usually only one. 



CLAMATOR JACOBINUS HYPOPINARUS (Cabanis and Heine) 



Coccystes hypopinarus Cabanis and Heine, Mus. Hein., vol. 4, Heft 1, p. 47 

 1862 : Cape of Good Hope. 



Specimens collected: 



Two male adults, Gato River near Gardula, Ethiopia, April 7-8, 

 1912. 



These two specimens agree with a series of typical hypopinarus 

 from South Africa. They constitute not only the first record for the 

 race in Ethiopia, but the northernmost for the race anywhere, the 

 most northerly point from which the form was previously loiown 

 being Ruwenzori (two specimens). The South African birds are 

 known to migrate north in February and March, all having left 

 South Africa before the end of March. The presence of these indi- 

 viduals in southern Ethiopia early in April points to an earlier in- 

 ception of the northward journey than has been suspected hitherto. 

 It also indicates that the birds spread out over tropical Africa east 

 of the Congo forest during the southern winter, a supposition that 

 i3 substantiated by specimens from Ithanga Hills and from near 

 Kisumu, Kenya Colony. For some reason unknown to me all 

 writers on east African birds have considered all their birds to be 

 typical jacohinus and, consequently, the winter range of hypopiriarus 

 was left unknown and unrecorded. In fact Sclater °^ writes that 

 except for the two birds from Ruwenzori (mentioned above) the 

 winter quarters of hypopinarus are unknown. 



Lynes ^^ writes of jacohinus in Darfur that migrants from the 

 south arrived as early as June 24 and that the last one left late in 



6" Jour. f. Ornith., 1905, p. 483. 



" Syst. Avium Ethiop., 1924, p. 182. 



•"Ibis, 1025, p. 354. 



