408 BULLETIN 15 3, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



One male adult, one female adult, Hawash River, Ethiopia, Feb- 

 ruary 10, 1912. 



Nine male adults, one male ( ? ) young, three female adults, one 

 female (?) young, Gato River near Gardula, Ethiopia, April 1 to 

 May 15, 1912. 



One male adult, Tharaka District, Kenya Colony, August 13, 1912. 



Two male adults. Tana River, camp 5, Kenya Colony, August 20, 

 1912. 



Soft parts: 



Adult male. — Iris, dark brown or reddish brown; feet, blackish 

 anteriorly, paler posteriorly; claws, black; bill, black with a pale 

 yellow or whitish area on the baso-lateral part of the maxilla, the 

 mandible with or without oblique, narrow whitish lines on the basal 

 portion ; naked skin on sides of throat slate gray or plumbeous, the 

 bare area under the eye greenish. 



Adult female. — Iris, reddish brown; bare area below eye, green; 

 naked skin at sides of throat, yellowish green; feet and claws, 

 blackish; distal half of bill, red or brownish red, basal half of 

 maxilla, except edge of commissure, yellow or whitish, basal half of 

 mandible, black. 



Immature female. — Iris, brown; naked skin around eye and rami 

 of jaws, fleshy yellowish brown; feet, plumbeous black anteriorly, 

 yellowish white posteriorly; bill, all plumbeous black. 



The gray hornbill inhabits all of Africa south of the Sahara 

 except forested regions, and occurs in western and southwestern 

 Arabia as well. Throughout this enormous range it breaks up into 

 three valid subspecies, as follows: 



1. L. n. nasutus. — Senegal, through the upper Guinean savanna 

 districts to the Chad region of Northern Nigeria, through the Anglo- 

 Egyptian Sudan to Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somaliland, Kenya Colony 

 (to the central portion at least) , and Uganda. In northern Ethiopia, 

 Eritrea, and the Danakil coastlands this form intergrades with the 

 next one, but on the whole, the northeast African birds are nearer to 

 nasutus than to forskalii. 



2. L. n. forskalii. — ^Western and southwestern Arabia. According 

 to Sclater " this form extends into northern Ethiopia,' intergrading 

 with typical nasutus in the Nile Valley. Zedlitz *^ refers specimens 

 from Cheren, Ela Bered, Mai Atal, and Barca to forskalii., and states 

 the range of this form in continental Africa to comprise the Barca 

 drainage area and the Danakil and Eritrean coastlands east of the 

 eastern Abyssinian escarpment. However, he gives the wing meas- 

 urements of his four birds as 230, 230, 235 (males), and 223 milli- 



"Syst. Avium Bthiop., 1924, p. 226. 

 "Journ. f. Ornith., 1910, p. 764. 



