BROWN CREEPER 69 



and Lincoln) ; Wyoming (Wheatland) ; south through the Eocky 

 Mountains of Colorado (Estes Park and Fort Garland) ; New Mexico 

 (Taos and Cloudcroft) ; the highlands of Mexico (Arroyo del Buey, 

 Durango, and Tizayuca, Morelos) ; Guatemala (Volcan de Fuego and 

 Tecpam) ; to Nicaragua (San Rafael del Norte) ; and southern Cali- 

 fornia (Strawberry Valley and Mount Wilson). West to California 

 (Strawberry Valley, Fort Tijon) ; principally in the mountains of 

 California (Yosemite Valley and Mount Shasta) ; Oregon (Rogue 

 River Valley and Portland) ; Washington (Mount Rainier and Bel- 

 lingham) ; British Columbia (Queen Charlotte Islands) ; and Alaska 

 (Tyonek). 



Winter range. — The winter range extends north to southeastern 

 British Columbia (Comox, Chilliwack, and Okanagan Valley) ; North 

 Dakota (Grafton and Fargo) ; Minnesota (Minneapolis) ; Ontario 

 (Ottawa) ; and Nova Scotia (Pictou) . From this line brown creepers 

 are found in winter south through all the States to the Gulf coast, 

 northern Mexico (Chihuahua) ; and southern California (Victorville 

 and Whittier). 



The range as outlined refers to the entire species in America, which 

 is broken up into seven Check-list races with additional races resident 

 in Mexico, Guatemala, and Nicaragua. 



The typical race {G. f. famiUaris) is confined to the Old World. 

 The eastern brown creeper (6'. /. americana) occurs from the eastern 

 edge of the Plains, Manitoba to Nebraska eastward, south to Pennsyl- 

 vania. The southern creeper ( C. f. nigrescens) is the bird of the south- 

 ern Appalachians from West Virginia to North Carolina and Tennes- 

 see. The Rocky Mountain creeper (C. f, montana) occurs from south- 

 ern Alaska (Cook Inlet), central British Columbia, and in the Rocky 

 Mountains south to Arizona and New Mexico. The Mexican creeper 

 {C. f. albescens) ranges from southern Arizona south to Nayarit and 

 Zacatecas, Mexico. The Sierra creeper {G. f. selotes) is found in the 

 Cascades and Sierra Nevada from British Columbia and northern 

 Idaho south to the San Jacinto Mountains of California. The Ne- 

 vada creeper {G. f. leucosticta) is apparently confined to the Charles- 

 ton and Sheep Ranges of southern Nevada. The California creeper 

 {G. f. occidentalis) is found along the Pacific coast from Sitka, Alaska, 

 to Monterey County, Calif. 



Spring migration. — Late dates of spring departure from the winter 

 home are: Florida — Pensacola, March 24. Georgia — Athens, April 

 1. South Carolina — Spartanburg, April 17. North Carolina — Char- 

 lotte, April 17. Virginia — ^Lynchburg, April 15. District of Coluni' 

 bia — Washington, April 24. Pennsylvania — Pittsburgh, May 8 

 New York — New York, May 10. Massachusetts — Boston, May 16 

 Arkansas— Tillar, April 4. Tennessee — Nashville, April 17. Ken- 



758066 — 48 6 



