84 BULLETIN 196, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



(Ticehurst). Immigration into Germany is described as taking place 

 in October and November (Nietkammer). 



Casual records. — In addition to the Greenland record Jourdain 

 mentions occurrences in Iceland, Jan Mayen, Spitsbergen, Bear 

 Island, Faeroes, Archangel Government, Malta, and Egypt. 



IXOREUS NAEVIUS NAEVIUS (Gmelin) 

 PACIFIC VARIED THRUSH 



HABITS 



I owe my introduction to this large and elegant thrush to my old 

 friend Samuel F. Rathbun, who first showed it to me in the vicinity 

 of Seattle and who has given me a wealth of information on it in his 

 copious notes. While we were waiting for the good ship Tahoma to 

 sail for the Aleutian Islands, in May 1911, he helped our party to 

 locate for two weeks in the then small town of Kirkland across Lake 

 Washington from Seattle. At that time the shores of the lake and the 

 country around the little town were heavily wooded, much of it with 

 a primeval forest of lofty firs, but more of it had been lumbered once 

 and grown up again to dense second growth, with some clearings and 

 little farms scattered through it. The principal forest growth con- 

 sisted of firs of two or three species, with a considerable mixture of 

 hemlock and cedar; and in some places there was a heavy forest 

 growth of large alders and maples, with an undergrowth of flowering 

 dogwood and wild currant. The favorite haunts of the varied thrushes 

 were in their dark, shady retreats in the dense stands of firs that were 

 often dripping with moisture, for it rained most of the time that we 

 were there. Here we often heard the clear, rich, vibrating notes of 

 the thrushes, uttered without inflection, but with a weird double- 

 toned or arpeggio effect. Mist and rain did not appear to dampen 

 then ardor; their voices seem to be at their best in such gloomy 

 weather and to form a fitting accompaniment to the patter of raindrops 

 on the dripping foliage. 



Mr. Rathbun tells me that the varied thrush is a common summer 

 resident in the mountains, and to a less extent in the lowlands, from 

 the summit of the Cascades to the shores of the Pacific and Puget 

 Sound, especially about the mountain lakes where the dense conif- 

 erous forest extends down to the water's edge. It is evident every- 

 where that this thrush loves shade, coolness, and dampness. W. Leon 

 Dawson (1923) writes: "To have earned the right to speak apprais- 

 ingly of the Varied Thrush as a bud of California, one must have 

 lingered in some deep ravine of Humboldt County, where spruce trees 

 and alders and crowding ferns contend for a footing, and .vhere a dank 

 mist drenches the whole with a fructifying moisture. * * * For 



