42 BULLETIN 196, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



race, the eastern robin (T. m. migratorius) , breeds from western 

 Alaska, northern Mackenzie, northern Manitoba, southern Quebec, 

 New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia south to southern Alaska, central 

 British Columbia, central Alberta, central Oklahoma, northern 

 Arkansas, central Illinois, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, and 

 south in the mountains to northern Georgia. The black-backed robin 

 (T. m. nigrideus) breeds in northeastern Quebec, Labrador, and New- 

 foundland; the southern robin (T. m. achrusterus) breeds from southern 

 Illinois and Maryland south to northern Mississippi, central Alabama, 

 and northern South Carolina, except in the higher mountains; the 

 northwestern robin (T. m. caurinus) breeds from Glacier Bay, south- 

 eastern Alaska, in the humid, coastal belt south to northern and west- 

 ern Washington. The western robin (T. m. propinquus) breeds from 

 southeastern British Columbia to the eastern Rocky Mountains to 

 extreme western Texas, western Chihuahua, and eastern Sonora. 

 Other races occur in Mexico. 



Migration. — Some late dates of spring departure from the winter 

 home are: Florida — Pensacola, April 13. Georgia — Macon, April 21. 

 South Carolina — Aiken, April 6. Louisiana — New Orleans, April 21. 

 Mississippi — Oakvale, April 5. Texas — San Antonio, April 10. 

 Oklahoma — Kenton, April 13. 



Some early dates of spring arrival are: District of Columbia — 

 Washington, February 25. West Virginia — Charleston, February 26. 

 Pennsylvania — State College, Eebruary 22. New York — Plattsburg, 

 March 16. Massachusetts — Stockbridge, March 10. Vermont — 

 Burlington, March 11. Maine — Machias, March 14. Nova Scotia — 

 Halifax, March 26. New Brunswick — Chatham, March 25. Quebec — 

 Kamouraska, March 20. Prince Edward Island — North Bedeque, 

 March 31. Newfoundland — St. John's, April 6. Kentucky — Ver- 

 sailles, February 20. Illinois, Chicago, February 21. Ohio — Toledo, 

 February 7. Michigan — Grand Rapids, March 3. Ontario — Toronto, 

 March 8. Missouri — Kansas City, February 28. Iowa — Sioux City, 

 February 28. Wisconsin — Madison, March 5. Minnesota — Red 

 Wing, March 1. Manitoba — Winnipeg, March 13. Kansas — Onaga, 

 March 5. Nebraska — Omaha, February 10. South Dakota — Yank- 

 ton, March 1. North Dakota — Fargo, March 22. Saskatchewan — 

 McLean, March 31. Mackenzie — East Branch Mackenzie River 

 Delta, May 15. Colorado — Denver, February 16. Utah — Salt Lake 

 City, March 14. Wyoming — Yellowstone Park, March 11. Idaho — 

 Rathdrum, February 19. Montana — Great Falls, March 11. Al- 

 berta — Banff, March 25. Yukon — Dawson, May 9. Alaska — Kobuk 

 River, May 20. 



Some late dates of fall departure are: Alaska — Kobuk River, 

 September 7. Mackenzie — Simpson, November 17. Alberta — 



