GRAY-CHEEKED THRUSH 197 



They pass through Massachusetts in September and October, 

 when they frequent mainly the berry-bearing thickets, feeding on 

 the fruit of cornels and the berries of the deadly nightshade, barberry, 

 spicebush, woodbine, wild grapes, the seeds of poison-ivy, etc. But 

 we often see them in the shrubbery along the roadsides and even in 

 our yards and gardens, feeding among the fallen leaves. 



Winter. — The gray-cheeked thrush spends the winter in northern 

 South America, mainly in Colombia and Venezuela, but also in British 

 Guiana, Ecuador, and Peru. We do not know much about its winter 

 haunts and habits. Dr. Wallace (1939) says that "they reach their 

 winter quarters by late October, but apparently are not found in the 

 valleys much later than that, seeming to move up into the mountains." 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — Northeastern Asia and North America, to northwestern 

 South America. 



Breeding range. — The gray-cheeked thrush breeds north to north- 

 eastern Siberia (Nijni Kolymsk and Pitalkaj); northern Alaska (Cape 

 Blossom and the Kobuk River, rarely to Point Barrow); northern 

 Yukon (Old Crow River and Lapierre House); northern Mackenzie 

 (Aklavik, Franklin Bay, MacTavish Bay on Great Bear Lake, and 

 Artillery Lake); northern Manitoba (Churchill); northern Quebec 

 (Chimo); and northern Labrador (Nain). East to Labrador (Nain, 

 Davis Inlet, and Cape Charles); Newfoundland (St. Anthony, Fogo 

 Island, and St. John's); Miquelon and St. Pierre Islands, and Nova 

 Scotia (Seal Island). South to Nova Scotia (Seal Island), and the 

 mountains of northeastern United States: Maine (Mount Katahdin 

 and Mount Abraham); New Hampshire (White Mountains and 

 Moosilauke) ; Massachusetts (Mount Greylock) ; and New York 

 (Adirondack and Catskill Mountains); southeastern Quebec (Gaspe" 

 County and Romaine); Hudson Bay region (Great Whale River, 

 Quebec, and York Factory, Manitoba); southern Mackenzie (Hill 

 Island Lake), northern British Columbia (Fort Nelson River and 

 Atlin); southern Yukon (Lake Marsh); southern Alaska (Copper 

 River, Kodiak Island, Nushagak, and Hooper Bay) ; and northeastern 

 Siberia (Cape Tschukotsk). West to northeastern Siberia (Cape 

 Tschukotsk and the tributaries of the Kolyma River). 



The breeding range as outlined includes the entire species of which 

 two subspecies or geographic races are recognized. The typical race, 

 the gray-cheeked thrush (H. m. minima), is the northern race breeding 

 from Siberia across northern Canada, Labrador, and in Newfoundland; 

 BicknelTs thrush (H. m. bicknelli) breeds in Gaspe County, Quebec, 

 Nova Scotia, and the mountains of northeastern United States. 



