400 BULLETIN \(i-2, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Massachusetts (Plymouth) ; Connecticut (Portland) ; southeastern 

 New York (Croton Falls) ; southeastern Pennsylvania (Columbia) ; 

 -a-ftel -northeastern Virginia (Clarendon). South to northeastern 

 Virginia (Clarendon); northwestern West Virginia (Marion 

 County) ; Kentucky (Green County) ; Illinois (Mount Carmel, Hills- 

 boro, and Quincy) ; and eastern Kansas (Neosho Valley). West 

 to eastern Kansas (Neosho Valley) ; South Dakota (Vermilion and 

 Fort Pierre) ; and Montana (Hellgate River, Fort Shaw, and 

 "latitude 49°"). 



Passenger pigeons also were frequently recorded in summer at 

 points well outside the breeding range above outlined. Among 

 these records are Mackenzie (Fort Good Hope, by Alexander 

 Mackenzie in 1789; Fort Norman, by Ross; and Fort Simpson, b} 7 

 Kennicott) ; Saskatchewan (He a la Crosse, by Hood in 1820; near 

 the mouth of the South Saskatchewan River, August 2 to 5, 1858; 

 and Fort Qu' Appelle) ; northern Manitoba (Island Lake, where 

 in 1903 E. A. Preble received a report of a small flock seen three or 

 four years previously; York Factory; and Fort Churchill, where 

 two specimens were taken) ; Quebec (Tadousac, one recorded by 

 Fleming as taken July 20, 1889; Godbout, one taken June 27, 1859; 

 and Anticosti Island, one record) ; Franklin (one recorded by J. C. 

 Ross as coming aboard their vessel in Baffin Bay at latitude 73%° 

 N.) ; northwestern South Carolina (Caesars Head, two pairs seen 

 by Arthur T. Wayne in the summer of 1882) ; Missouri (New Haven, 

 large flocks observed in 1872 by Dr. A. F. Eimbeck) ; Wyoming (one 

 specimen taken 40 miles west of Fort Laramie, September 8, 1857) ; 

 and Nevada (West Humboldt Mountains, in September, 1867, 

 according to Ridgway [1873]). Passenger pigeons also have been 

 recorded from British Columbia, but the evidence seems rather un- 

 satisfactory {cf. Brooks and Swarth, 1925). 



Winter range. — The vast numbers of these birds and the extensive 

 area included in their breeding grounds considered, the winter range 

 was greatly restricted. Data bearing upon this phase of the sub- 

 ject, however, are not plentiful. Apparently at this season, the 

 species extended north regularly to Arkansas (Rogers) ; southeast- 

 ern Missouri (Attie) ; and northern South Carolina (Chester 

 County). East to South Carolina (Chester County and Sineaths 

 Station); and Florida (Amelia Island and Gainesville). South 

 to Florida (Gainesville) ; Alabama (Greensboro) ; and Louisiana 

 (Mandeville). "West to Louisiana (Mandeville) ; and Arkansas 

 (Judsonia, Fayette, Siloam Springs, and Rogers). In some seasons 

 large numbers wintered much farther north as they were recorded 

 as abundant in the winter of 1853-54 at Brookville, Ind. : a flock 

 of about 300 was seen near Harrisburg, Pa., December 25, 1889 ; and 



