492 BULLETIN 17 2, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



neck and juguliim begins to become blackish, but the head does not 

 become entirely white for some time, and even apparently adult birds 

 have a brownish tinge occasionally on the pileum. 



This seems to be a common bird practically all over Siam proper 

 and in the southwestern part of the country as far as Koh Lak. 

 Herbert ^^ says it is a common breeding bird at Bangkok in the paddy 

 field area, the nesting season extending over several months from the 

 commencement of the rains. 



The species ranges from southern Cliina to Indo-China, Siam, the 

 Shan States of Burma, and Tenasserim. 



GRACUPICA LEUCOCEPHALA (Giglioli and Salvador!) 



Acridotheres leucocephalus Giglioli and Salvadori, Atti Accad. Sci. Torino, 

 vol. 5, p. 273, 1870 (Thu-doc, French Cochin-China) . 



Three females, Muang Kanburi, September 10, 11, 1928; one fe- 

 male, Sikeu, near Korat, February 16, 1926; one male and one female, 

 Pak Chang, May 6, 1925, December 22, 1926; one male and one 

 female, Tha Chang, March 21, 1927; one male, Huey Yang, Sriracha, 

 July 31, 1932; one female, Ban Tarn Dam, March 6, 1930; one female, 

 Kumpawapi, March 20, 1929. 



Only four out of the above 11 specimens have the spurious primary 

 entirely wliite; the remainder have the tip and outer web more or less 

 black. A pair from the Raheng district in the United States National 

 Museum has the spurious primary entirely white, making 6 out of 13 

 specimens with an entirely white spurious primary. This does not 

 seem to me to be a very reliable character. 



Very few of the specimens have the head entirely white; in most it is 

 drab or hair brown, which seems to be due to stain. In one it is al- 

 most tawny-olive and in another almost wood brown; in these two it 

 seems to be more or less natural. 



For these reasons I do not believe G. I. annamensis Wells orPoliopsar 

 cambodianus Sharpe can be regarded as valid forms. 



Tlie species ranges from Annam through southern Indo-China to 

 southern, western, and southwestern Siam, southern Tenasserim, and 

 the Shan States. 



In Siam Gyldenstolpo ' reports it not uncommon at Koh Lak; 

 Baker ^ records it from Krabin; Chascn and Kloss ^ from the Raheng 

 district; lOoss * from Lat Bua Kao and Koh Lak; Lowe * from 20 



"Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam. vol. 6. p. 110. 1923. 



' KuiiRl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., vol. 56, no. 2, p. 24, 1916. 



» Journ. Nat. Hist. Soc. Sinm, vol. 3, p. 22, 1919. 



« Journ. Siam Soc. Nat. Hist. Suppl., vol. 7, p. 183, 1928. 



* Ibis, 1918, p. 223. 



» Ibis, 1933, p. 278. 



