616 U.S. NATIONAL MUSEUM BULLETIN 23 7 part 2 



Santa Lucia Mountains in Monterey County near Robles del Rio, 

 Calif., in publications by Jean M. Linsdale. Since the late 1930's 

 many students have recorded information on the animal life of this 

 1600-acre study area. 



An intense banding program was carried out during the winter 

 on a section of the canyon near the living quarters (Lindsale, 1949). 

 Brown towhees are one of five most plentiful species here, the others 

 being the scrub jay, the rufous-sided towhee, the plain titmouse, and 

 the Oregon junco. Brown towhees were banded in some numbers, 

 452 from November 1937 to June 1948 or about 41 per year. Later 

 recaptures of 361 of these provide some information on survival and 

 longevity in the species: 184 (51 percent) survived to at least 1 year 

 of age, 83 (23 percent) lived 2 years, 51 (14 percent) 3 years, 29 (8 

 percent) 4 years, 9 (2 percent) 5 years, 3 (0.8 percent) 6 years, and 2 

 (.06 percent) 7 years, the oldest recorded in the study. Thus seven 

 years may be assumed as the potential ecological life span for this 

 species. From these data the average individual life span is 1.9 years. 



Eggs. — The measurements of 50 eggs average 24.9 by 18.4 

 millimeters; the eggs showing the four extremes measure 26.2 by 19,8, 

 25.7 by 20.3, and 22.0 by 17.0 millimeters. 



Distribution 



Range. — The California brown towhee is resident in California from 

 the central coast area (Seaside) to the western edge of the San Joaquin 

 Valley (Orestimba Peak) and south to western Kern (Temblor Range), 

 Santa Barbara, and Ventura Counties. 



Egg dates. — California: 13 records, April 27 to June 20. 



PIPILO FUSCUS SENIGULA Anthony 



Anthony's Brown Towhee 

 Contributed by Henry E. Childs, Jr. 



Habits 



This is by far the darkest colored of the California races of the brown 

 towhee. John Davis (1951) suggests this is due to its habitat. He 

 states that senicula is resident in extreme southwestern California in 

 "The area between the seacoast and the western edge of the deserts 

 in Los Angeles County, San Bernadino County * * *, Riverside, 

 Orange, and San Diego counties, thence southeast in Baja Cahfornia 

 between the coast and the lower edge of the coniferous forest on the 

 Sierra Juarez and the Sierra San Pedro Martir south to latitude 29°." 

 The chaparral the species inhabits in this region contains less Ceanothus 

 than the chaparral farther north and more Adenostoma, which gives 



