FISHES OF THE PHH,IPPIN"E AND ADJACENT SEAS 161 



lateral line, 12 pores in straight section to caudal base; 4 scales 

 above lateral line, 10 below, 23 predorsal little forward of nostril. 

 Infraorbital scales biserial; preorbital also scaly; 3 rows of cheek 

 scales belov/ infraorbital. 



D. XIII, 15, I, thirteenth spine IJ^ in total head length, sixth 

 ray Ito'i A. II, 14, i, second spine l3/2> sixth ray 114', caudal emar- 

 ginate, 1; least depth of caudal peduncle 2yo; pectoral 1; ventral 

 2 J/8 in combined head and body. Body uniform deep brownish. 

 Iris with yellow circle around pupil. Fins brown, pectoral yellowish 

 with dusky black blotch at origin about size of pupil. (Bleeker.) 



East Indian region. Ahudefduf coracinus Scale appears to be a 

 synonym. Bleeker's examples were 106 to 113. 



ABUDEFDUF MELAS (Cuvier) 



Glyphisodon melas (Kuhl and Van Hasselt) Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., 

 vol. 5, 1830, p. 472. Java. — Schlegel and MtJLLER, Nat. Gesell. Nederl. 

 Zoo]., vol. 2, 1839-1844, p. 23, pi. 5, fig. 2 (Java, Manado, Amboina). 



Glyphidodon melas Gunther, Cat. Fish. Brit. Mus., vol. 4, 1862, p. 45 

 (Ceram, Aneiteum). — Gunther, Fishes of Zanzibar, 1866, p. 83 (Aden, 

 Zanzibar). — Klunzinger, Verh, zool. bot. Ges. Wien, vol. 21, 1871, 

 p. 526 (Red Sea). — Karoli, Termesz. Fiizetek, Budapest, vol. 5, 1881, 

 p. 173 (Singapore). — Steindachner, Abhandl. Senckenberg. Gesell,, 

 vol. 25, 1900, p. 440 (Batjan). 



Paraghlyphidodon melas Bleeker, Atlas Ichth. Ind. N^erl., vol. 9, 1877, 

 pi. 404 (5), fig. 4; Nat. Verh. Holl. Maatsch. Harlem (No. 6), ser. 3, 

 vol, 2, 1877, p. 123 (Nias, Singapore, Java, Celebes, Solor, Ceram, Am- 

 boina). — Day, Fishes of India, Suppl., 1888, p. 801; Fauna British India, 

 vol, 2, 1889, p. 388. 



Ahudefduf melas Beaufort, Bijd. Dierk. Amsterdam, vol. 19, 1913, 

 p. 128 (Saonek). 



Glyphisodon ater (Ehrenberg) Cuvier, Hist. Nat. Poiss., vol. 5, 1830, p, 

 473. Massuah, Red Sea. 



Glyphisodon violaceus Brevoort, Narr, Exp, Jap., vol. 2, 1856, p. 264. Riu 

 Kiu Islands. 



Ahudefduf rhomaleus Snyder, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus.. vol. 40, 1911, p. 534. 

 Naha, Okinawa; also, vol. 42, 1912, p. 505, pi. 65, fig. 1. 



Depth \% to 1%; head 3^ to 3^, width \% to \%. Snout 

 3 to 3^; eye 3 to 4, 13^ in snout or greater than snout in young, 

 1 to 1^ in interorbital; maxillary reaches halfway to eye, to eye in 

 young, 3% to 3^ in head; interorbital 2% to 2%, broadly convex. 

 Gill rakers 6 + 14, lanceolate, rather long. 



Tubes in lateral line 16 or 17, pores in straight section 8 to 10 + 2 

 to 4; 3 scales above lateral line to spinous dorsal origin, 10 or 11 

 below, 23 predorsal; 4 rows of cheek scales, of which uppermost 

 row on infraorbittils. Scales with 9 or 10 basal radiating striae; 

 apical denticles 108 to 206, with 2 or 3 transverse series of basal 

 elements; circuli very fine. 



D, XIII, 14, 1, thirteenth spine 1}^ to 1^5 in head, fifth ray IVs 

 to l}4', A. II, 13, I, second spine 1% to 1%, fifth ray lr& to 13^; 

 least depth of caudal peduncle 1% to 1^^; caudal usually little 



