THE SESSILE BARNACLES. 149 



BALANUS BALANUS (Linnaeus). 

 Plates 33, 34, 35, 



175S. Lepas balanus Iasnmvs, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, p. 667 ("ad Uftora 



occani Euroixici") ; soc Hanlev, Ipsa Liun;ei Concliyiia, ISoS, p. 18. 

 1778. B[af(nuis] porcatus da Costa, Historia Naturalis Tcstaccoruin Bri- 



tannijie, p. 249. 

 1780. Lcpas balanus Linnreus, Bokn, Testacea Musei Caesarei, -p. 8, pi. 1, 



fig. 4 (good). 

 1789. Balanus sulcatus Bruguikre, Encyclopedie IMethodkiue, p. 163, pL 



164, fig. 1. 



1803. Lcpas costatns IMontagu, Testacea Eritannica, p. 11. 



1804. Lcpas balanus LinntDUS, Donovan, Katural History of British Shells, 

 pi. 30, fig. 1. 



1804. Lcpas costata Donovan, Natural History of British Shells, pi. 30, 



fig. 2. 

 1815. Lepas scotica Wood, General Conchology, p. 40, pi. 6, fig. 3. 

 1818. Balanus tesseUatus Sowekby, Mineral Conchology, pi. 84. 

 1830. Balanus gcniculatus Conrad, Journal of the Academy of Natural 



Sciences of Philadelphia, vol 6, p. 265, pi. 11, fig. 16. 

 1844. Balanus communis Brown, Illustrations of the Recent Conchology 



of Great Britain and Ireland, p. 120, pi. 53, fig. 23. 

 1844. Bahintis costatns Montagu, Brown, Illustrations of the Kecent Con- 

 chology of Great Britain and Ireland, p. 120, pi. 54, figs. 2, 3. 

 1854. Balamis porcatus E. da Costa, Darwin, Monograph, p. 256, pi. 6, 



figs. 4a-4e', Monograph on Fossil Balanidee, p. 21, pi. 1, figs. 5a-5ff. 



1878. Balanus porcatus Da Costa, Miers, Narrative of a Voyage to the 



Polar Sea, hy Capt. S'r G. S. Nares, vol. 2, p. 247 (Cape Louis Napoleon, 



lat. 79° 38' N., 50 fathoms; Richardson Bay, lat 80° 2' N., 70 fathoms). 



1897. Balanus porcatus Da Costa, Weltner, Verzeichnis der bisher be- 



schriebenen recenten Cirripedienarten, Archiv f. Naturg., Jahrg. 1807, 



p. 267 (exclusive of Japanese records). 



1900. Balanus porcatus Da Costa, Weltner, Fauna Arctica, vol. 1, pp. 



292-297, 303, pi. 8, figs. 1-12 (distribution and variation). 

 1911. Balanus porcatus Costa, Sumner, Biol. Survey Woods Hole and 

 Vicinity, Bull. Bur. Fisheries, vol. 31, p. 646. 

 Type. — Collection of the Linnean Society of London. 

 Distrihution. — Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans, from 80° North 

 latitude, Franz Josef Archipelago to the English Channel, and in 

 America south to Long Island Sound. Bering Sea; a variety in 

 I*uget Sound. From low tide (in northern localities) to about 90 

 fathoms. English Pliocene; Pleistocene of Sweden, Canada, and 

 Maine.^ 



According to Darwin its characters are as follows : 

 Shell white, generally sharply ribbed longitudinally ; radii with their summits 

 almost parallel to the basis. Scutum longitudinally striated ; terguni with 

 the apex produced and [usually] purple. 



1 The records of this species from Campbell and Stewart Islands, New Zealand, were 

 undoubtedly based upon erroneous identifications. Weltner states that it does not exist 

 in the Mediterranean. 



4729°— Bull. 93—16 11 



