EASTERN GOSHAWK 129 



that other hawks will not come near their eggs or young for hours 

 if they know they are watched, and their eyes are exceedingly keen. 

 Dr. Sutton found that "the young had evidently been fed almost 

 altogether on chipmunks, although fur and some small bones of 

 gray and black squirrels, weasels and white-footed mice were also 

 found." 



A. A. Cross, in his notes, mentions a variety of food found in the 

 nest; on May 19 "the craws of the young were bulging with food, 

 the weight of which seemed to cause them to pitch forward. In the 

 nest was the foot of a grouse, and beneath the nest where it had 

 lodged on a sapling was a handful of downy feathers, which we 

 agreed had come from the breast of a barred owl"; on May 24 "the 

 nest contained 11 chipmunks and a crow, all uneaten"; on June 12 

 it "contained the remains of two grouse, which had been cleaned to 

 the bones and one partly eaten chipmunk"; and on June 13, there 

 was one red squirrel in the nest. These three young hawks were 

 certainly well fed. On June 18 two of them left the nest. He says 

 that when the young were small their calls "could be likened to the 

 peepings of day-old chicks", but later they resembled the notes of 

 the old birds. 



The young bird, less than half grown, that I watched in New- 

 foundland, was quite active, standing up in the nest most of the 

 time and exercising occasionally by stretching one wing at a time 

 or raising both together over his back until they almost touched; 

 he gaped occasionally. His eyesight must have been very keen, for 

 he turned his head to look at every bird that passed. He screamed 

 several times, a note like the adult's but shriller and weaker. 



Plumages. — The downy young goshawk when first hatched is well 

 covered above and sparingly below with rather short, silky, white 

 down; this is later replaced with longer, woollier down, with a 

 grayish tinge on the upper parts. Before the young bird is half 

 grown the ju venal plumage appears, first on the wings, then on the 

 scajDulars, tail, back, and sides of the breast. When between three 

 and four weeks old it is fully fledged, except that the last of the 

 down still persists on the belly and neck. It leaves the nest at about 

 this stage. 



In fresh juvenal plumage the upper parts are "clove brown", 

 edged on the crown, upper back, lesser wing coverts, and upper tail 

 coverts with "pinkish cinnamon" or "light pinkish cinnamon", dark- 

 est on the head; the scapulars, median and greater wnng coverts, 

 remiges, and rectrices are tij3ped with the same colors, and the greater 

 coverts are broadly barred with the same; the under parts are white, 

 strongly tinged or washed with "vinaceous-cinnamon" or "pinkish 

 cinnamon" and broadly streaked on the breast, less broadly on the 



