NORTHERN HORNED LARK 335 



geographic races in North America. The typical form, the northern 

 horned lark {Otocoris alfestris alpestris), breeds in the Ungava 

 Peninsula, Labrador, and Newfoundland; Hoyt's homed lark {O. a. 

 hoyti) occupies northern Canada from Hudson Bay west to the mouth 

 of tlie Mackenzie River and south to the northern parts of the Prairie 

 Provinces; the pallid horned lark {O. a. arcticola) breeds in Alaska 

 (except the Pacific coastal region) and south in the mountains 

 through British Columbia to Washington ; the desert horned lark {0. 

 a. leucolaema) occupies the region from southern Alberta to New 

 Mexico and Texas, east on the Great Plains to South Dakota and 

 Kansas, and west to Nevada ; the prairie horned lark {O. a. praticola) 

 is found from southern Manitoba and Quebec south to eastern 

 Kansas, Arkansas, Kentucky, and Virginia; the Texas horned lark 

 {O. a. giraudi) occupies the coast of Texas and northeastern Tamauli- 

 pas; the streaked horned lark {O. a. strigata) inhabits the Pacific 

 coast region of Washington, Oregon, and northern California; the 

 dusky horned lark {O. a. inei^lU) is found in southeastern British 

 Columbia, eastern Washington and Oregon, northeastern California, 

 and northwestern Idaho; the island horned lark {0. a. insularis) is 

 confined during the breeding season to the Santa Barbara Islands 

 of California; the California horned lark {O. a. actio) is found in 

 California south of San Francisco Bay, east to the San Joaquin 

 Valley and south to northern Baja California ; the Magdalena horned 

 lark {0. a. enertera) is confined to the central part of Baja California 

 between Santa Rosalia and Magdalena Bays; the ruddy homed lark 

 {O. a. rubea) is the race of the Sacramento Valley, California; the 

 Montezuma horned lark {0. a. occidentalis) breeds in central Arizona 

 and New Mexico; the scorched homed lark {O. a. adusta) appears to 

 be confined to a relatively small area in southeastern Arizona; the 

 Mohave horned lark {O. a. ammophila) nests in the Mohave Desert 

 and Owens Valley, Calif.; and the Sonora horned lark {0. a. leucan- 

 slptila) occupies a region extending along the Colorado River from 

 southern Nevada and western Arizona south to northeastern Baja 

 California. Additional races of this species are found in Europe, 

 Asia, and Mexico, as well as one {O. a. peregHna) that appears to be 

 localized in the vicinity of Bogota, Colombia. 



Winter range. — The species is found throughout the year over most 

 of the breeding range, although it withdraws during the winter from 

 the northern regions. At this season it is found north to southern 

 British Columbia (Arrow Lake) ; southern Alberta (Warner and 

 Sullivan Lake) ; southern Saskatchewan (Eastend and Skull Creek) ; 

 northern North Dakota (Charlson and Grafton) ; northern Minne- 

 sota (Fosston and Iron Range) ; southern Wisconsin (Westfield 

 and Greenbush) ; southern Ontario (Guelph, Toronto, and Ottawa) ; 



