60 BULLETIN 15 3, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



forehead, and has more pointed tips to the rectrices, the outer two 

 pairs of which are much more broadly tipped with yellow than in 

 the adult female. Adults vary considerably in size, but apparently 

 the variations arc nongeographic. Eight adult males have the fol- 

 lowing dimensions: AVing, 98-108 (average, 105); tail, 92-107 

 (94.T) ; culmen from base, 14.5-18.5 (16.4 mm). Three adult fe- 

 males—wing, 95.5-108 (103.3) ; tail, 91-103 (96.3) ; culmen from 

 base, 16.5-18.5 (17.6 mm). 



This cuckoo-shrike occurs from Senegal to the Niger, thence east 

 to Uganda (south to the northern shores of Lake Victoria) and to 

 the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan (Provinces of Darfur, Sennar, Mon- 

 galla, Lado Enclave and Bahr el Ghazal) to Eritrea and Ethiopia, 

 south to the southern part of Arussi-Gallaland, the Rendile and 

 Turkana country surrounding Lake Rudolf, and through Uganda to 

 the Kakamega and North Kavirondo districts of Kenya Colony, but 

 not occurring (as far as known) on Mount Elgon. 



Erlanger^* found that birds shot near the Daroli River in Feb- 

 ruary and March were in breeding condition. In Uganda, van 

 Someren ^^ found the species breeding in April, and says : "A nest 

 with two eggs was taken in April. The nest reminded one of that 

 of the Chaffinch; it was well covered with lichen. The eggs were 

 creamy green wdth purply spots and blotches. A young male in 

 moult was shot in November." Seth-Smith ^^ found a nest late in 

 March near Mpumu, Uganda. 



GRAUCALUS CAESIA PURA Sharpe 



Cfraucalus purus Shaepe, Ibis, 1891, p. 121 : Mount Elgon. 

 Specimens collected: 



1 male, 1 female, Loco, Ethiopia, March 13, 1912. 



1 male, 1 female (?), Meru Forest, Equator, Kenya Colony, August 10, 1912. 



Soft parts : Iris dark brown, bill black, feet dark gray, claws black. 



The comparative material of this species available is slight, but it 

 corroborates the generally accepted fact that there are three valid 

 races, as follows: 



1. G. caesia caesia: South Africa north to central Zululand 

 (Eshowe) and the Zoutspanberg district of the Transvaal. 



2. G. caesia pura: Eastern Africa from Nyasaland and northern 

 Mozambique north through Tanganyika Territory and the eastern 

 Belgian Congo (region immediately west of Lake Tanganyika, and 

 the Kivu country, to Ruwenzori) through Kenya Colony to Somali- 

 land and Ethiopia, in which country it occurs north at least as far 



2*Journ. fiir Orn., 1905, p. 689. 

 2» Ibis, 1916, p. 387. 

 « Ibis, 1913. p. 494. 



