BIRDS OF ETHIOPIA AND KENYA COLONY 161 



and to southwestern Tanganyika Territory in the east. It is a 

 common bird in Ethiopia and Kenya Colony. It arrives in Ethiopia 

 around the beginning of October; in Kenya Colony, toward the 

 middle of November, according to Grote.^° The birds of central 

 and southern Kenya Colony begin moving northward in the first 

 half of March, and the migration is well under way in Ethiopia and 

 southern Arabia by the first week in April. Stragglers may be found 

 along the Red Sea as late as the first days in May. 



In Ethiopia this warbler occurs up to the surprising altitude of 

 2,700 meters, where Neumann ^^ found it not uncommon. Meinertz- 

 hagen ^^ writes that in "some winters the Blackcap is very common 

 in Kenya Colony ; in others it is scarce." 



HIPPOLAIS PALLIDA ELAEICA (Lindermeyer) 



8alicaria elaeica Lindeemeybib, Isis, 1843, p. 342: Greece. 



Specimens collected : 1 male, Sadi Malka, Ethiopia, January 31, 1912. 



Both this form and the nominate race of the olivaceous warbler 

 winter in Ethiopia, but only elaeica gets as far south as Kenya Colony. 

 The two may be distinguished by their dorsal coloration, which is 

 isabelline-brown in pallida and grayish olive-brown in elaeica. 



Grote ^^ does not mention Ethiopia as part of the winter range of 

 elaeica^ but Hesse ^* definitely mentions a specimen taken at Dire 

 Daoua on December 28, 1907, which he refers to elaeica. Further- 

 more, Neumann ^^ collected a bird at the south end of Lake Gandjule 

 in Shoa, which he found to agree \Q,vy closely with Hemprich and 

 Ehrenberg's tyj^es from Dongola and Ambukol, except in having a 

 darker maxilla, which, fortunately, is not a racial character in this 

 species. Another record, which Grote appears to have overlooked, 

 is a specimen of elaeica from Aruwin in northern Somaliland. 

 Erlanger ^^ writes that this specimen is somewhat grayer above than 

 typical pallida., a statement that shows it to be of the form elaeica. 



Meinertzhagen ^^ writes that all winter "visitors of this species to 

 Kenya Colony appear to belong to this race. From December to late 

 March they are common from Uganda to the coast * * * latest 

 spring record being from Kisumu on the Victoria Nyanza on 1. iv." 

 Van Someren "® found a good deal of variation in the color of the 

 upper back in his series from Kenya Colony and Uganda. I have 



""Mitteil. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 16, pt. 1, pp. 33-34, 1930. 



si.Tourn. fur Orn., 1906, p. 284. 



^Ibis, 1922, p. 8. 



s'Mitteil. Zool. Mus. Berlin, vol. 16, pt. 1, p. 31, 1930. 



»*Jouin. fur Orn., 1916, p. 268. 



»Journ. fiir Orn., 1906, p. 284. 



^ Journ. fiir Orn., 1905, p. 736. 



^Ibls, 1922. p. 6. 



38 Nov. Zool., vol. 29, p. 232, 1922. 



