BIRDS OF ETHIOPIA AND KENYA COLONY 149 



SAXICOLA RUBETRA RUBETRA (Linnaeus) 



Motacilla ruhefra Linnaeus, Syst. Nat., ed. 10, p. 186, 1758 : Europe, restricted 



type locality, Sweden. 

 Specimens collected : 



2 females, Lake Abaya, Ethiopia, March 18, 1912. 



3 males, 1 female, Gato River, near Gardula, Ethiopia, April 3-16, 1912. 



The European whinchat winters throughout the reprion traversed 

 by the Frick expedition, south as far as southwestern Tanganyika 

 Territory. In the western part of the African Continent it ranges 

 south to Cameroon, and has been recorded a single time from the 

 Southwest African Protectorate. Apparently it is much more of an 

 autumn and spring migrant than a winter resident in Ethiopia, but 

 in Kenya Colony it is a very abundant bird all through the northern 

 winter. 



The birds begin flying northward in March, and the migration lasts 

 until well into May in Ethiopia, although it is practically over in 

 April in Kenya Colony. 



The birds pass through an incomplete molt while in their winter 

 quarters, the wings and tail alone being unaffected. 



COSSYPHA HEUGLINI HEUGLINI Hartlanb 



Cossijpha Jieuglini Haetlatjb, Journ. fiir Orn., 1S66, p. 36: "Keren"; error, 

 Wau, Bahr el Ghazal (Heuglin, Ornithologie Nordost-Afrika's, etc., vol. 1, 

 p. 375, 1869). 



Specimens collected: 



4 adult males, 3 adult females, Gato River near Gardula, Ethiopia, March 

 31-May 11, 1912. 



1 adult male, 1 adult female, Sagon River, Ethiopia, June 4, 1912. 

 1 Juvenal male, Lekiundu River, Kenya Colony, August 8, 1912. 



Sclater *^ considers occidentalis as a synonym of heuglini. 



Gyldenstolpe,^° Grote,^^ van Someren,''- and others, however, recog- 

 nize it as a valid form, with which opinion I agree. 



However, in the region immediately concerned in this report, occi- 

 dentalis does not occur, the two races involved being heuglini and 

 intermedia. The former occurs below 5,000 feet from southern Shoa 

 and the Oino region, southwestern Ethiopia to the Upper Wliite Nile, 

 west through Darfur to the Shari River, south to Uganda and the 

 western half of Kenya Colony to the Ikoma district, Tanganyika 

 Territory. The latter form, intermedia^ is more of a coastal bird, and 

 occurs from the Juba Eiver south to the Panffani River. 



*' Systema avium ^thiopicarum, pt. 2, p. 470, 1930. 

 ""Kongl. Svenska Vet.-Akad. Handl., p. 161, 1924. 

 "Orn. Monatsb., p. 142, 1924. 

 <" Nov. Zool., vol. 29, p. 240, 1922. 

 106220—37 11 



