218 BULLETIN 15 3, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



statement may be of interest: I recognize two species (considered 

 as one by Grote) — adusta with four geographic forms {adusta, sub- 

 adusta, a7igole7isis^ and fulleho7'n,i) and Tninimus with twelve races 

 {minimus, pu7mlus, djamdjamensis, neumanniana, murinus, sub- 

 tilis, roehli, albiventrls, ohscurus, okuensis, kumhoensis^ and grotei). 

 The last five, all from various parts of Cameroon, I merely accept 

 as valid in the absence of any material of four of them (and only 

 one specimen of huiiiboensis available). Though it is true that the 

 adusta group and the ininimus group are closely related, the former 

 are grayish birds, the latter distinctly brownish birds. Further- 

 more, the two overlap in the Usambara Mountains, where A. adusta 

 fullehorni and A. minimus roehli occur together. In other words, 

 the main differences between my results and those of Grote are the 

 division of the whole group into two specific aggregates, the recog- 

 nition of fullehorni as a valid form (treated as a synonym of suh- 

 adtista by Grote), and the inclusion of four forms {roehli, neuman- 

 niana, okuensis, and grotei) described since his review was pub- 

 lished. The form poensis Keichenow ^^ I have not seen, and Grote 

 does not mention or dispose of it in his paper. It may be a tliir- 

 teenth race of A. minimus. Boyd Alexander ^^ recorded ohscurus 

 from Fernando Po and had birds from Mount Cameroon to compare 

 them with at the time. 



In northeastern and tropical eastern Africa there are five races 

 of this bird, as follows : 



1. A. minimus minimus: Bogosland, northern and central Ethio- 

 pia (south to Antotto and Ankober). 



2. A. minimus djaTudjamensis: South Shoa, the Djamdjam coun- 

 try, east to the Arussi Plateau. 



3. A. minimus Tnurinus: From Mount Kilimanjaro and Mount 

 Mero, in Tanganyika Territory, north through Kenya Colony to at 

 least as far as Mount Kenya and Mount Uraguess and west to Mount 

 Elgon, where it intergrades with pmnilus. 



4. A. minimus pumilus: The Bukoba-Masaka district of Uganda 

 north and east to Lake Albert and the eastern part of the Budu dis- 

 trict. In western Uganda puinilus intergrades with suhtilis. 



5. A. 77iinimus roehli: The Usambara Mountains, Tanganyika Ter- 

 ritory. 



6. A. minimus newnanmana: The Omo drainage basin, southwest 

 Ethiopia. 



As is usually the case with subspecies based on rather slight (and 

 somewhat variable) characters, it is not always possible to identify 



»8 Orn. Monatsb., 1912, p. 46 : Fernando Po. 

 «' Ibis, 1903, p. 383. 



