294 BULLETIN 15 3, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



{senegaluSj pallidits, camerunensis^ rufofuscvs^ nothus, and chaden- 

 sis) are West African and need not concern us here. 



The 11 forms of southern and eastern Africa (and southwestern 

 Arabia) present some difficulties, in that some of them are admit- 

 tedly intermediate between two other races, and the material avail- 

 able for study has not been adequate in all cases to decide definitely 

 on all the points. To simplify matters we may begin by elimination. 

 Zedlitz's form Tnulleri appears to be indistinguishable from, habys- 

 sinicus. Not only is the original description a little vague, but in 

 his comments on the type, Gyldenstolpe ^° writes that the "lack of 

 material makes it impossible at present to ascertain whether this 

 form is separable from * * * habessinica _ * * * Another 

 form, viz * * * hlanfordi * * * the terra typica of wdiich 

 is the Anseba valley * * * is regarded * * * as a synonym 

 to * * * hdbessmlca.'''' If there is anything in the characters 

 of rniilleri, the birds of the Mareb River can not be considered as 

 anything but intermediates between hahyssinicus and perewali, but 

 nearer to the former. Similarly, Clarke's warscmgUensis seems to be 

 another intermediate between hahyssinicus and percivali, in this case 

 also nearer to the former. I have seen no pertinent material of it. 

 Sclater recognizes it, but, judging by its description, I hesitate to 

 include it here. 



The recognizable East African forms are as follows : 



1. P. s. erythropterus : South Africa north through Rhodesia and 

 the interior of Mozambique to Nyasaland, the Katanga and the in- 

 terior of Tanganyika Territory and of Kenya Colony to the Endoto 

 Mountains, and through southern, eastern, and central Uganda, be- 

 ing replaced in the southern Sudan by sudanensis. This race (from 

 which rufofusGus of Angola is only doubtfully distinct) has the 

 upper back rather dark brown with a strong rufous Avash and has 

 the underparts grayish; wings, 79-96 mm. 



2. P. s. orientalis: The coastal strip of northern Tanganyika Ter- 

 ritory and southern Kenya Colony (from Pangani River to Lamu, 

 inland to Morogoro, and the Uluguru Mountains, in the former 

 country, to Maungu, Changamwe, Mazeras, and Samburu in the 

 latter). Similar to erythropterus^ but the underside more whitish, 

 less grayish, the upper back paler, more sandy olive-brown; size 

 averaging very slightly smaller, but extreme measurements the same 

 as in erythropterus. The type of armenus is an intergrade between 

 orientalis and erythropterus but nearer the latter. 



3. P. s. mozambicus: Lumbo, Mozambique; probably the coastal 

 belt of northern Mozambique. Nearest to orientalis but paler above 

 and below ; the rump grayish, not brownish, the superciliaries whiter. 



»» Arkiv for Zool., toI. 19A, no. 1, pp. 38-39. 1926. 



