320 BULLETIN 17 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



Patagonia); and Chile (Gregory Bay, Straits of Magellan). South to 

 southern Chile (Gregory Bay, Straits of Magellan). West to Chile 

 (Gregory Bay, Straits of Magellan, and Santiago); Ecuador (Cechce, 

 Mount Chimborazo, Bestion, and Upper Antisana); Costa Rica 

 (San Jose and Chitra); Nicaragua (Matagalpa); Honduras (Teguci- 

 galpa); Guatemala (San Lucas and Panajachel); Oaxaca (Tehuante- 

 pec and Cacoprieto); Michoacan (Querendaro and Zamora); Jalisco 

 (La Barca, Guadalajara, and Etzatlan); Baja California (Cape San 

 Lucas, La Paz, Sierra de la Victoria, Magdalena Bay, probably San 

 Fernando, Rosario, San Pedro Martir Mountains, and Gardiners 

 Lagoon); California (San Diego, San Onofre, Los Angeles, Santa 

 Barbara, Monterey, Santa Cruz, Micasio, probably Camp Meeker, 

 probably Cahto, and Crescent City); Oregon (Gold Beach, Elkton, 

 Newport, Netarts, and Olney); Washington (Grays Harbor, Lake 

 Crescent, probably Mount Vernon, and Belliugham); British Co- 

 lumbia (probably Errington, Beaver Creek, Lund, and Hazelton); 

 and Alaska (probably Forrester Island, Rodman Bay, Yakutat Bay, 

 Hawkins Island, probably Iliamna, Chulitna River, Wood River, 

 Bethel, Marshall, Nulato, and Allakaket). 



The vast territory covered by the above outline is for the entire 

 species, which has, however, been separated into a large number of 

 subspecies or geographic races. In the revision of the American great 

 horned owls by Oberholser in 1904, no less than 11 forms were recog- 

 nized for the North American Continent, including Baja California, 

 with five others occupying ranges in Central and South America. 

 Ridgway, who examined the same material, recognized the same races 

 in his work on the birds of North and Middle America in 1914. The 

 1931 A. O. U. Check-List recognizes 10 of the 11 of Oberholser and 

 Ridgway (considering B. v. wapacuthu as a synonym of B. v. subarcH- 

 cus), rejecting only Bubo virginianus icelus, which in the opinion of 

 some systematists is an entirely valid form. Still other races are 

 accorded recognition by other systematic ornithologists, from which 

 it will be seen that the last word on the subject has not yet been said. 

 Accordingly, and probable errors admitted, it seems desirable for the 

 purposes of this report to adhere to the latest official pronouncement of 

 the American Ornithologists' Union and to follow, in general, the 1931 

 Check-List. 



The typical great horned owl (B. v. virginianus) is found in eastern 

 North America from Ontario, Quebec, and New Brunswick south to 

 Florida and the Gulf coast and west to Wisconsin, eastern Minne- 

 sota, southeastern South Dakota, eastern Kansas, Oklahoma, and 

 eastern Texas. 



The Labrador horned owl (B. v. heterocnemis) ranges from the north- 

 ern part of the Labrador Peninsula and Newfoundland south usually 

 to Connecticut. 



