438 BULLETIN 17 0, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM 



second. He further states that at each utterance the bird jerked its 

 tail and threw back its head. Occasionally a low 'chuck', audible for 

 only a short distance, replaced the usual call." 



Again he says that Carl Euler "gives its call note as 'khiu, khiu.' 

 Apparently none of us here mentioned agree on the call note of this 

 Owl, and I leave it to the reader to take his choice." 



DISTRIBUTION 



Range. — South and Central America and the Southwestern United 

 States; nonmigratory. 



The range of the ferruginous pygmy owl extends north to Arizona 

 (New River, Tucson, and Fort Lowell) ; and southern Texas (Lometa 

 and Brownsville). East to Texas (Brownsville); Tamaulipas (Mata- 

 moros, Rio Cruz, Rio Martinez, Forlon, and Altamira); eastern San 

 Luis Potosi (Valles) ; Vera Cruz (San Jose Acateno, Presidio, Otatitlan, 

 and Catemaco); Yucatan (Tunkas and Chichen-Itza) ; Quintana 

 Roo (Cozumel Island and Camp Mengel); southeastern Lesser 

 Antilles (Trinidad) ; British Guiana (Mount Roraima) ; eastern Brazil 

 (Cajetuba Island, Maranhao, Ceara, Bahia, Sapitiba, and Rio 

 Tacutu); and Argentina (Parana). South to Argentina (Parana, 

 Santiago del Estero, and Rosario de Lerma); and Chile (Valdivia). 

 West to Chile (Valdivia); Peru (Arequipa, Pisco, Lima, Cajabamba, 

 and Tumbez); Ecuador (Babahoyo, Vinces, and Yaguache); Panama 

 (Calobre); Costa Rica (Cartago, Alajuelo, and Bolson); Nicaragua 

 (Chontales); Honduras (Segovia River); Guatemala (Naranjo and 

 Duenas) ; Oaxaca (Huiltepec and Tequisistlan) ; Guerrero (Acapulco) ; 

 Michoacan (La Huacana); Nayarit (San Bias); Sinaloa (Esquinapa); 

 Sonora (Caborea and Sonoyta); and Arizona (Sacaton, Phoenix, and 

 New River). 



The range above outlined is for the entire species, which has, how- 

 ever, been separated into two geographic races. The typical form 

 (Glaucidium brasilianum brasilianum) is South American, while 

 Glaucidium b. ridgwayi is found in Central America, Mexico, and the 

 Southwestern United States. 



Egg dates.— Texas: 8 records, March 28 to May 28. 



Mexico: 6 records, April 22 to May 6. 



MICROPALLAS WHITNEYI WHITNEYI (Cooper) 



WHITNEY'S ELF OWL 



HABITS 



Plate 92 



The type race of Whitney's elf owl is now restricted to southern 

 Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, Sonora, and a narrow belt along 

 the lower Colorado River in southeastern California. 



