188 Tlie Caiiadian Woodjjeckers. 



black from the base of the lower inaudible and continuous with the black of 

 the shoulders ; upper part of the body, wings and tail, black, feathers along 

 the middle of the back tipped with white ; wing-coverts, the anterior 

 excepted, and quills spotted with the same, there being on the four longest 

 primaries seven spots on the outer, and five on the inner w^ebs, on most of 

 the secondaries five on each web, but on the outer quill only one patch on 

 each web, and on the second three spots on the outer, and four on the inner 

 web ; four middle tail-feathers glossy black, the rest black towards the base, 

 that colour gradually diminishing, so that the outermost is almost entirely 

 white ; lower parts white. 



Extremely similar to Picus villosus, but always much larger. 



Male, 10%, IIX. 



From the northern parts of New York to the Fur Countries. Com- 

 mon. Migratory in winter to New York. 



Audubon's Synopsis, page 177. 



Picus Martina, (Aud.) Maria's Woodpecker. 



Fourth toe slightly longer than third ; fourth quill longest, third longer 

 than fifth ; tufts of bristly feathers over the nostrils, dull yellow ; upper part 

 of head, scarlet ; forehead and occiput, black ; a band of white over the eye ; 

 a black band from the bill to the e^'e, continued behind it over the auriculars, 

 and joining the black of the hind neck ; beneath this a band of white from 

 the angle of the mouth, curving backwards below the middle of the neck, so 

 as almost to meet its fellow behind ; then a baud of black from the base of 

 the lower mandible, and continuous with the black of the shoulders ; upj^er 

 parts, black ; feathers along the middle of the back tipped with white ; 

 wing-coverts aud quills spotted with the same, there being on the four longest 

 primaries seven spots on the outer, and four on the inner web, on most of 

 the secondaries five on each web, but on the outer quill only one patch on 

 each web, aud on the second four spots on the outer, and three on the inner 

 web ; four middle tail-feathers glossy black, the next black on the inner web, 

 and on the greater part of the outer toward the base, the rest black only at 

 the base, the two outer being almost entu-ely white ; lower parts white, tinged 

 with grey, and a little red, the sides faintly mottled with dusky grey. 



Male, Qfo; Aving, 4||. 



A pair found at Toronto, Upper Canada. 

 Audubon's Synopsis, page 178. 



Picus HiRSUTus, (Yieill.) Baxded Three-toed Yv^ood: ecker. 



Three-toed, with the upper parts deep glossy-black, the head with blue 

 reflections, the back and wings tinged with brown ; tufts over nostrils dull 

 yellow ; anterior part of head pale yellow, spotted with white ; a band of 

 white, with small dusky lines, from the angle of the mouth to the occiput ; 

 the back transversely banded with white ; inner webs of the quills and outer 

 webs of the primaries spotted with white, there being seven spots on the 



