On the Mammoth and the Mastodon. 379 



This species is found in portions of the British possessions, as 

 far as the sixty-eighth parallel of north latitude. It is, however, 

 confined to the eastern portion of our Continent ; Richardson^ 

 who represents it as " a common animal from one extremity of 

 the Continent to the other," seems to have mistaken for it another 

 species which replaces it on the north-west coast. Although it 

 does not range as far to the north as the polar hare, it is deci- 

 dedly a northern species ; it is found at Hudson's Bay, in Newfound- 

 land, Canada, all the New England States, and in the northern 

 portions of New York, Pennsylvania, and Ohio. Mr. Doughty 

 informed us that he had procured a specimen on the Alleghany 

 Mountains in the northern part of Virginia, Lat. 40^' 29, where 

 it had never before been observed by the inhabitants. On seeking 

 for it afterwards in the locality from which he obtained it, we 

 were unsuccessful, and we are inclined to believe that it is only 

 occasionally that some straggler wanders so far south among 

 these mountains, and that its southern limit may be set down at 

 about 41 c*. 



ARTICLE LIV. — On the Mammoth and the Mastodon. ^ 



The enormous bones of extinct elephantoid animals found in 

 America belong to two species : the Mammoth, Elephas primige- 

 nius, and the Mastodon, 3f. giganteus, or Ohioticus. We have 

 figured their skeletons on the plate which will be found at the 

 commencement of this number. 



The mammoth was a true elephant, but of a species diff'erent 

 from either of the two at present existing; and, it appears, was fitted 

 to endure the rigours of a climate of greater severity than that of 

 Canada, as its bones are found abundantly from latitude 40® 

 north to the Arctic circle. In Siberia and Russian America they 

 occur in vast quantities, imbedded, in some instances, in ice 

 which has never thawed since that remote period when these 

 gigantic creatures lived. In the extract from Professor Owen's 

 British Fossil Mammalia and Birds, which we shall give in this 

 article, will be found an interesting account of the lamed dis- 

 covery of a mammoth with the flesh preserved. It is unfortunate 

 that this specimen could not have been preserved entire, and 

 placed in some museum, there to remain so long as the human 



* See Plates 5 and 6, 



