NON-PROTOZOAN FAUNA OF SOIL 355 



taceans. The Harpacticidae do not have the cephalothorax and ab- 

 domen distinctly separated, so that the body is worm-like. France 

 found in the soil one species of Moraria and six species of Canthocamptus. 

 33,700 to 80,000 Isopods were recorded per acre of soil by Morris. 

 The presence of crustaceans in the soil was also reported by Thompson. 



ARACHNIDA 



The Arachnids are represented in the soil by the mites and ticks 

 (Acarina 41 ), which are chiefly carnivorous, free-living or parasitic, and 

 by the carnivorous spiders (Areinida). Morris found the Acarina 

 represented in the soil by the Amystidae, Tarsonemidae and Tyro- 

 glyphidae. The presence of various members of the Trombidiidae 

 and Oribatidae in the soil was also reported by Thompson. Por- 

 rhomma, Robertus, Oedothorax, Linyphia, and others are the genera 

 of Areinida found in the soil by Morris. The greatest numbers of Aca- 

 rina were found in the upper one inch of soil, the total number being 

 531,986 per acre of manured soil and 215,488 per acre of unmanured 

 soil. 



MYRIAPODA 



Among the myriapods present in the soil, are the millipedes (Dip" 

 lopoda) which attack various crops, the centipedes (Chilopoda), which 

 are carnivorous, and the Sympkyla. 



The following species of myriapods were found in the soil : 42 Glomeris 

 hexasticha, G. frausalpina, Polydesmus sp., Craspedosoma rawlinsii, 

 C. canestrinii, Chordeuma nodulosum, Ch. silvestre, Julus nigrofuscus, 

 C. verhoeffi, Schizophyllum sabulosum and Lithobius forficatus. Morris 

 found 1,781,143 myriapods in the upper nine inches of an acre of 

 manured soil and 878,787 in the corresponding unmanured soil. They 

 were distributed more or less uniformly with depth. The Diplopoda 

 were represented by species of Brachydesmus, Cylindroiulus, Blaniulus 

 and Archiboreoiulus; the Chilopoda by Lithobius, Geophilis and Geo- 

 philomorph. Symphyla were also found in both soils. 



41 Wolcott, R. H. A review of the genera of the water mites. Trans. Amer. 

 Micr. Soc, 26: 161-243. 1905. 



42 Diem, K. Untersuchungen liber die Bodenfauna in den Alpen. Jahrb. 

 St. Gall. Naturw. Gesell. Vereinsjahr. 1901-1902. 



