SOIL PROTOZOA 333 



B. MASTIGOPHORA.™ The soil flagellates are found largely in the follow- 

 ing groups. 



I. Pantostomatinae. Flagellates naked, colorless; food ingested, 

 usually by means of pseudopodia, at all points of their surface; 

 the organisms in this group possess one or more flagella and are 

 usually more or less amoeboid. 

 Actinomonas mirabilis was found by J in 11 soils collected from 

 various parts of the world. Cercomonas crassicauda and C. longi- 

 cauda are very common soil protozoa (F, G, J, K). Cercobodo 

 was found by J to be represented in the soil by several species. 

 Mastigamoeba and Mastigella, comprising organisms which closely 

 resemble amoebae but possess a single flagellum, directed for- 

 ward; the flagellum is connected with the nucleus in the case of 

 the former, but not of the latter. Mastigamoebae have been 

 found in the soil by F, I, J, L and N. 

 II. Protomastiginae. Small flagellates, usually more or less amoeboid 

 and having a fine periplast. Food taken in at one point, no 

 chromatophores. Pseudopodia when present never acting as 

 organs of locomotion. These include Codonosiga botrytis (C), 

 Monosiga ovata (F and J), Salpingoeca convallaria (A), Phalan- 

 sterium solilarium (J in 56 out of 148 soils examined), Bodo (Prowa- 

 zekia) caudatus (A, D, J), B. edax (Kiihn, 86 G, J, K, N), B. saltans 

 (A, C, F, J, N), Bodo terricola (D and others). A few other 

 species of Bodo were reported in the soil by F, J and K. Col- 

 ponema symmetrica (J), Dinomonas vorax (D), Heteromita com- 

 pressus (J), H. globosa and H. lens are among the most common 

 soil protozoa: these and H. obovata, H. ovata, H. repens were 

 found in the different soils by H and J ; some species of this genus 

 were also recorded by A, E, F. Phyllomitus undulans by A, E 

 and J, P. amylophagus found by F, G and J, Pleuromonas jacu- 

 lans by A, E, F and I. Sainouron mikroteron was found to be 

 common in Rothamsted soils by J and also in 45 other soils, 

 found also by L and M. Allantoin tachyploon was found in the 

 soil by J and M. Phyllomonas contorta by A. Proleptomonas 



85 Klebs, G. Flagellatenstudien. Ztschr. wissensch. Zool., 55, 1893; Lemmer- 

 mann's Algen I. Flagellaten. In Kryptogamenflora der Mark Brandenberg 

 und angrenz. Gebiete. v. 3; Pascher, A., and Lemmermann, E. Flagellatae 

 in "Die Siisswasserflora und Fauna Deutschlands." H. 12, Jena. 1913-1914; 

 Senn, G. Flagellata, in Engler and Prantl's "Die natiirlichen Pflanzen- 

 familien." Bd. I, T. I, 1900; Conn, H. W., and Edmondson, C. H. Flagellate 

 and ciliate protozoa, in Ward and Whipple's Fresh-water biology. 1918, p. 238. 

 Keys for identification of soil flagellates. Sandon, 1927 (p. 329). 



86 Kiihn, A. t)ber Bau, Teilung und Encystierung von Bodo edax Klebs. 

 Arch. Prot., 35: 212-254. 1915. 



87 Perey, J. F. Les protozoaires du sol. Ann. Sci. Agron., 39: 333-352. 1923. 



88 Allison, R. V. A note on the protozoan fauna of the soils of the United 

 States. Soil Sci., 18: 339-352. 1924. 



