PLATE XXVII. 



Fig. 1. — A bridge on tlio high load from Seoul to Chyüu-jyu, the pro- 

 vincial capital of North 0]i3'öl-la-Do, the bridge on the other arm 

 of the river seemed to have been carried awa}^ by flood, and I was 

 obliged to wade through it. This is the usual condition of Korean 

 high roads ; consequently travelling is almost impossible during 

 raiu}' seasons. The hills on the foreground is a sericite-Lagen- 

 gneiss; and the pointed mountain behind is Mo-ak-san (-f^: ^ LÜ) 

 which is well seen from Kun-san (PL. XXVT. figs. 2, 3). A flat 

 tDpped mountain on the left is the castle-rain of Nam-ko san-süng 

 (metamorphic schist, p. 115), at its foot lies in a depression the 

 eumnai OÎ Chyön-jyu with a population of 15094 (p. 112). 



Figs. 2 and 3. — The grand enmnai of Cliyön-jyu, the fifth city of the penin- 

 sula next in magnitude to Taiku (PI. XIX. figs. 1 and 2), Fig. 

 2 represents the southern quarter and fig. 3 the northern, viewed 

 eastioards from a western hill. Right through the southern mount- 

 ains goes the high road to Nara-uön over the pass of Man-mal- 

 koan (sketch map p. 113). A low neck of eastern mountains (on 

 the left in fig. 2, middle in fig. 3) is the Chyöng-nai-chhi (-g" )\\ |I|$) 

 pass (450 m) vv^hich we shall pass over presently (p. 122). It is an 

 orthogneiss ridge. A multitude of Avhite flecks on the sandy bank 

 of a river, appearing just like a laundryman's yard, was a group 

 of white-clothed citizens, as it happened to me to take the photo 

 on the occasion of a fair (pp. 112, 121). 



