PLATE XIII. 



Fig. 1.— Yiuw from Num-nöu {'M If A) towarJ the fioiilh., looking ;it iliu bar- 

 rier-like, eqiiatorirtl ram-clibi, the ' Chestiiut-tree pass,' Avliich 

 separates us from the plain of Ku-ryöi (cfr. PI. VI. fig. 1), touched 

 in my First Traverse (p. 44). In the corner to the left, one sees 

 the slope of Chiri-san with the monastery of Hoa-am-sa (p. 44). 

 The region is in the terraue of eye-gneiss. 



Yigr^ 2.— To the west we see the Pi-houg-chhi pass. Tliis jneridional ridge 

 is sharply delineated and characterized by its regularity of trend, 

 marking the western margin of the ' Chiri-san sphenoid ' Avliich is 

 constituted almost entirely of several varieties of eye-gneisses. 



Fig. 3. — Nam-uön, an important cumiun, is located in the centre of an 

 intermoutane in-filled smdii basin, only 50 in above sea-level 

 (p. 78). It is enclosed, as usual, Avith a stone-wall, and to the 

 left is seen a small group of tile-roofed houses outside the wall. 

 It is the syoivj-vp (5fe ü) or Royal shrine at which the Kun-su 

 or district magistrate accompanied by all his subordinates pays 

 reverence in the most ostentatious manner on certain fixed days. 

 Tliis is his chief official duty. This sort of building is very com- 

 mon in Korea., and, indeed, there is no town, liowevei- small it 

 may be, without its sijöiKj-öp. ]>eyond this shrine avo se3 again 

 the mountain-castle (cfr. Fl. XL fig 2), known as Kyo-ryong San- 

 song or ' Dragon Castle ' (^ 1^ LU fcS). The vnmncd was destroyed 

 in 1.597, during Taik'os expedition, Avhich action left an indelible 

 resentment in the heart of the people. 



