PLATE in. 



Fig. 1.^ — Au equatorial valley seeu westwards from Tol-mit (p. '28) which lies 

 to tlie west of Chiu-luli (fjt 'M)- It is a tectouic valley with the 

 east-west treud, aud the road goes over the stratificatiou-plaue of 

 the " black series " — the barreu black marls aud greeuisli fliutv 

 tuffite, dipping slightly southwards, as may be seeu iu a large 

 lilock iu the foregroaud aud also ou clifits to the left. Iu the rear 

 we see the Pal-chhi pass (100 ')n) (p. 29). 



Fig. 2. — The equatorial romantic No-uön-san ridge as seeu northwards from 

 the plain of Pan-song (p. 30), which is iu the terraue of red marls 

 — the " red formation." The ridge is built up of greenish flinty 

 metamorphics. Few travellers cross the lidge aud tigers hauut 

 the rocky cliffs. 



Fig. o. — A'iew of Chiu-jyu (^- ')]]), the seat of the local magistrate of 

 South Kyöng-sang-Do, as seen westwards from the Mal-chhi pass 

 (pp. 32-33) where Hideyoshi made a careful plan for the attack 

 upon the city, and on March 19th, 1597, the bloody battle was 

 fought iu which sixty thousand soldiers and citizens within the 

 city-walls Avere massacred. The cit}' is enclosed on the west, north 

 aud east sides by a water-filled moat which is probabl}' a dead 

 arm or "cut-off" of the Nam-gang Avhich is seeu on our left. At 

 the rear in the distance runs the meridional granitic Chi-ri-sau 

 massif, the giant of south Korea, separating the two provinces, 

 this side being Kyöng-sang-Do, that side Chyöl-la-Do. 



The hilly region in the foreground is the sandstone terraue 

 of the Lower Kyöng-sang-formation (p. 33). The rocks are fast 

 falling into disintegration, presenting the " bad lands " scenery. 



