30 ART. 2. — T.. KOTO : 



ing under tlie compact metamorphic rocks and slate hitherto traced. 



As ^ve entered the new geological terrano, a j^i'onoimced effect 

 upon the topography of this new formation was readil}' perceived 

 in the degradation of height, unfolding before us an open roll- 

 ing, hilly lowland, in contrast to the sad-gray, rugged country 

 behind us. Hand in hand with the change in the rocks, the soil 

 became clayey and fertile, the people apparently prosperous and 

 comparatively clean. By the way, I may mention that the north- 

 south strike of the strata has no relation whatever to the equa- 

 torial trend of the surrounding moinitains and hills. This is due 

 to the fact that the so-called Korean or meridional ridges were 

 first tilted, to which act the rock-complex owes its present strike 

 and dips, while the Ilan-scm or equatorial ridges were created by 

 displacement at a geologically later period, the new dislocation 

 alone deciding the modern land-features ^\ 

 tan-söngS) From the Korean point of view, Pan-song must be regarded 



as a large village. There are about 200 houses, and also good 

 taverns. The village lies in a depression of the hills at the 

 junction of our road and that from Ham- an on the north. The 

 latter, is said to be very rarely frequented by travellers, as the 

 road climbs up and down two passes (160 m) on the equatorial 

 mountain called Nok-ubn-san already mentioned. Seen from a dis- 

 tance towards the north-east, the ridge (PI. 111. fig. 2) presents the 

 appearance of a somewhat romantic escarpment of gray meta- 

 morphic rock. Tigers haunt the rocky cliffs, and travellers are 

 few especially toward night-fall. At night the villagers blow horns, 

 sounding like distant bellowing, to drive off the rapacious animals. 



From Pan-song to Cldn-jgu it is 18 km. We proceeded S. W. 



1) These tectonic trend lines are marked on the map in my former paper. Loc. c\t. 



2) ?!£ JÖC 



