<)Q ART, 2. — B. KOTO: 



east foot of a low hill of red marl with the strike N. 80"' E. 

 and the dip to the southeast at low angles. The red formation had 

 been in sight e\cv since I had seen it cropping out from under 

 the green breccia at the north of the wind-gap of 0-clong. In 

 my judgment the soil is not very productive. Communication is 

 now greatly facilitated by the railway ; but in former times 

 transportation was chiefly by boats on the Nak-tong-gang, the 

 landing being at Sa-mun^^. 



2hi-ku is a magisterial town of the first rank and the most 

 populous one in South Korea (PI. XIX. ßgs. 1 and 2). 



A panoramic view of tlie surrounding country is very in- 

 structive. On the western horizon beyond the rolling hills of the 

 red formation is seen the well-known Ka-ya-san"^ (1184 m) of 

 Ko-rißng, which sweeps northwards to the green aphanitic Keitm- 

 o-san^^ (812 m) of Sön-san*\ It is a continuation of the Chhijong- 

 möri-chhi'''' and the eastern rim of the granitic Chiri-san sphenoid. 

 The south is closed by the fault scarp (PI. XIX. ßg. 2) which 

 our party had crossed at 0-dong. To the northeast the sharp, 

 oblique ridge of Phal-kong-san (1138 m) screens the Tai-ku plain 

 from the north wind (PI. XIX. ßg. 1). One notices there that 

 the lower two-thirds appear buff-colored (masanite) interspersed 

 with pines, while the upper third is capped with the complex 

 of the black shale and the red tuffite series. 



I continued my journey to Yöng-il on the east coast via 

 Ila-gang^^ and Ybng-chhßn^^. We went first through hills of red 

 and green marly tufiltes. Their prevailing strike is N. 70^E., 

 tlie dip 5° S.E. On the south the fault-scarp sweeps in the 



1) \'}> P5 2) iîn ?JP Ol 3) ^ .% Oj 4) # uj 

 5) See page 85, and PI. XVII. figs. 2 and 3. 



