JOURNEYS THEOUGH KOREA. 95 



The porphyry forming the basement of this region, is over- 

 laid by an nnstratified dark-gray mud and sand mixed with 

 coarse angular fragments of felsophyre. It has the aspect of a 

 modern mud flow and agglomerate from a volcano. We then 

 passed over a slight elevation {No-sil) where the said rock is 

 again covered by the cream colored nnstratified tuffite which 

 above passes insensibly into the stratified tuffite corresponding to 

 the plant-bed. Between this place and the eiimnäi of Chi/cmg-giy 

 which is scarcely 2 km distant, the rock is overlaid discordantly bj^ 

 a coarse sand bed which contains a poor, thin lignite seam ^^ (the 

 strike N. 70° E., the dip 40° N.W.). This is superimposed by a gray 

 sandy tuffite which is in turn covered by a black lava ^^ (?) sheet. 



On a butte-like erosion hill or mesa of the basalt-lava is 

 located the wretched eumnai (90 m) encircled with a stone- wall 

 (PI. XXII. fig. 2) designed in former times to guard against the 

 incursions of Japanese from the coast. 



The sectional colum annexed (the next page) is that observed 

 from Yong-il to Chyang-gi. As will be seen from the section, the 

 masanite-porphyry forms the foundation of the region superimposed 

 by a series of gravel beds of the dark-colored felsophyre and the 

 cream-colored tuffite, both stratified and nnstratified, the former 

 containing the Pliocene plant-remains. The series is discordant- 

 ly covered by a lignite bed, and the whole is capped by the 

 basalt (?) flow of Chyang-gi. The entire thickness of the clastic 

 portion may be roughly estimated at 120 in. 



The general conclusions drawn from my observation of this 

 region are firstly, that the basalt flow took place at the end of 



1) The writer was the first foreigner who had seen this poor seam of earthy lamellar 

 lignite. Since then, tlie locality has been several times visited by travellers. 



2) The locality is called Myüng-dong (H^ j§). See PI. XXII. ßf}. 1. 



