JOURNEYS THROUGH KOREA. 39 



seen by the sudden lowering of the Chiri-san. On the south, a 

 rather irregular ridge was seen running equatorially, detached 

 into many isolated crests. 



We made an ascent from the east to the Iloaiuj-tai-chhl (280???), "^"^hhÎ^î)^' 

 (PI. IV. fig. 2) where our soldiers had a hard fight with the 

 Koreans during tlie Taiko expedition. Tliis was the first high pass 

 between Fii-mn and Ila-dong. Fi'om the pass I saw towards the 

 east, beyond Pong-guöl, low regular ridges running meridionally, 

 corresponding to the crest of the uplifted sandstone series. 

 Here we took a retrospect of the tectonic physiography of the 

 country we had already traversed (PI. lA^. fig. 3), and bade fare- 

 well to South Kgöng-sang-Do. To tlie west the scenery was 

 majestic (PI. Y. fig. 1). I saw a high ridge lying parallel (see 

 fig. 1) to, and beyond the Söm-jin-gang '\ witli the peculiarly 

 pointed peak of bl;-hd-h(mg'-\ I am still uncertain as to the 

 nature of rock of which it is built up. To the north-west I saw 

 the high snow-clad summit of the Chiri-san (1042?»). (It was 

 February 2nd, 1901.) Its southern prolongation was hidden by 

 the front ridge lying on this side of tlie Söui-Jin-gang. 



During the descent I observed a perfectly fissile gneiss rich 

 in biotite which to all appearance looked like a normal sedi- 

 ment-gneiss. Examined under the microscope, it turned out to 

 be a sheared Orthogneiss, all the components of biotite-granite 

 being crushed and granulated, and the elastic biotite now being 

 changed into chloritic matter drawn out into streams and con- 

 fused threads. It is quite reasonable that tliis mylonitized 

 ortho-gneiss should be found here on the boundary of the great 

 Chiri-san massive ; for the w^edge-shaped massive was pressed up 



ÎL 2)t&H^ 3)^:^111$ 



