60 ART. 2. — B. KOTO: 



liaK-bui'ied in the sand (PI. \X. fig. 1) at the wliii'lpool's edge. It 

 is to be seen there no more, however, owing perhaps to the 

 Koreans' fear that I might come again and steal away tlie his- 

 toric rehc which they for ages had boasted of. I now repent of 

 having misused my Icodak before the envious eyes of the Koreans. 

 It is my private opinion that the one cause of the faihire of the 

 ambitious Taiko in liis fruitless attempt to subjugate China was 

 the total crushing of his Navy by I-suN-six, not to speak of his 

 untimely death. 

 wimu-uüL ^^g iq ii^Q whirlpool itself, it has full claim to rank with 



that of Euripus in Greece, and with the Naruto whirlpool near Kobe. 

 As to the world-famed eddy of Negropont, some assign its action 

 to the phenomenon of seiches in the arm of sea. Of Naruto or 

 tlie roaring channel, I have heard nothing as to its cause '^ ex- 

 cepting the common explanation, which is that the eddy is gene- 

 rated by the influx and efflux of tlie strong tidal current. The 

 Myöng-yang-jin wdiirlpool is located between the channels of Mäl- 

 gil "^ and Chy'ông-deung ^\ and is well suited to the generation of 

 an eddy on account of its special topography, having three nar- 

 rows and three v- shaped indentations. At the time of my visit 

 to the Mg'ông-gang ferry, the current was the up-current or that 

 from the north-west which w^as sweeping the south [Chin-do) 

 side, and by the reflex motion within the widened sack (PI. IX. 



2) M,^m 3) T 03 m 



1) Lately some liglit has been thrown on the question as to the cause of the whirlpool of 

 Nanito. The naiTOW channel vt Naruto is famous for its rapid cuiTent and eddies aceoinpauy- 

 ing it. That channel separates the Inland Sea or Seto-uchi from the Pacific; by a narro\v 

 passîige of water about 1.1 km wide. The phase of tide in the inland sea is just opposite to 

 that of the Pacific, so that when the latter is at high water, the former is at the low water, and 

 vice \ersa ; accordingly, in the channel a difference of level of from 1 to 1.5 m is produ(-ed. Conse- 

 ipiently a tonent of sea-water nishes from the ocean into the sea or in the contrary direction 

 acconhng to the tidal phase. When the current attains its maximum velocity, it exceeds 10 

 knots per hour. The current is always accompanied with a roaring sound, and edilies are usixally 



