102 , ART 2. — B. KOTO: 



edge of A^am-san^^, The granitic rock sinks under the flmty 

 tuffite, reappearing near Sai-sal-mak. The chyu-mak lies on a high 

 sand flat (PI. XXlU.fig. 3) which forms the water- shed, and which 

 we followed down- stream southwards in the Ulsan direction. The 

 coast side is likewise granitic masanite (see fig. o) covered with 

 a flinty tuflite and marl series, both together forming the ridge of 

 Thong-tai-san-'^ which separated us from the east shore. According 

 to Mr. Inouy]^, a Tertiary bed is said to occur on the coast in 

 patches pierced through by a basalt whic]i under the microscope 

 is seen to be a typical one. 



About 4 hn before Ulsan, we crossed a plank-bridge (PI. 

 XXIV. fig. 1), which is supported by piers made of piles of bags 

 of sand and gravel. This is the usual style of bridge-construction 

 in Korea. The sandy river, Nam-chhgon, empties at the head of 

 the cove of Ulsan. Near the mouth of the river is Y(y}n-pho^\ a 

 Japanese settlement before the time of Hideyoshi's invasion. The 

 indentation is closed in on the east by the headland of Y'6m-plio 

 which extends southwards to Cape Tikhmenef. It is the end of 

 the coastal ridge of the J'ai-päiksan range which bounds the 

 entire shore with its mural precipice southwards from Gensan. 



The plank-bridge is at the foot of a flat-topped hill on which 

 is located a spacious, walled village, " The Left Garrison," once 

 an important fortress. This hill is built up of the " red formation", 

 a part of the extensive inlier around Ulsan, which crops out 

 from beneath the " black series ". It is the same series as that 

 mentioned in the First Traverse occurring on the east of Chin- 

 jgu ^\ and in the Second Traverse as being found in the basin of 



1) It is called Ok-san, or gem mountain on account, of tlae occurrence of the rocl\-crystaIs 

 already mentioned (page 100, footnote 2). 



2) ai :k m 3) ^ aß 4) See page 33. 



