Director s Annual Report. 9 



In field work two expeditions were made to Kalioolawe and 

 en ronte Molokini was thoroughly explored. On the former island 

 twelve days were spent in compan}- with Mr. Forbes the first time 

 and the island was explored as thoroughly as possible from the 

 land side, and many remains of a former population were found. 

 "While waiting at Lahaina for the steamer to return us to Hono- 

 lulu, Mr. Forbes and I went to Honokahau and Kahakuloa and 

 examined and photographed three groups of historic stones." 



"Preparations were made immediately on my return to Hono- 

 lulu for a second expedition to Kahoolawe, and I left on the 

 Kilauea for Lahaina in company with Mr. Perry of the Museum 

 and Mr. Henr}- Jaeger, who kindly volunteered his services. We 

 had the misfortune to lose our equipment through a fire in the hold 

 of the Mikahala, but it was replaced as far as possible by pur- 

 chases in Lahaina. Mr. Perry and I spent twenty-three days at 

 Kahoolawe, but Mr. Jaeger had to return to Honolulu after a fort- 

 night; he rendered most valuable aid." 



The results of these expeditions were very satisfactory and 

 will be published after another trip to the island. The most illu- 

 minating information of the ancient fish-hook manufactures, and 

 indeed of the former life of the Hawaiian fisherman was obtained. 

 The excavations were conducted with the care used in excavating 

 Pompeii: everything was passed over a quarter-inch sieve. The 

 exhaustion of provisions and the appointed arrival of the launch 

 to take the explorers back to Lahaina compelled them to leave 

 much undone, although they brought man}- sacks of material to 

 be picked over on their return. 



It was a grand opportunity to study ancient life in a place 

 entirely out of the way of travel, and "among two thousand odd 

 fish-hooks and files and two or three thousand other specimens 

 there were but six objects of foreign introduction, viz.: one iron 

 boat spike, iron nail hook, copper nail, two fragments of cloth 

 and a piece of canvas, all found near the surface." The early 

 voyagers tell of the great eagerness of Hawaiians to secure iron 

 nails, which probably quickly replaced bone as a material for fish- 



