528 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL MUSEUM. vol.57. 



to belong with the genera listed above, but is quite different from 

 them in respect to the size of the body, S. expaTisits measuring 5 mm. 

 or more in length, all of the other known members of the family 

 being flukes less than 2 mm. in length, or in a few instances slightly 

 exceeding this size. Furthermore the testes of >S'. exparisus are dis- 

 tinctly median in position, one directly behind the other, very deeply 

 lobed; the ovary is also much lobed, and the uterus voluminous, in 

 all of which characters it differs from the Heterophyidae. Scaphano- 

 cephalus on the other hand resembles some of the Heterophyidae in 

 the possession of a genital sucker in close relation Avith the ventral 

 sucker, and in the arrangement of the vitellaria, and like all of them 

 lacks a cirrus pouch. The similarities of Scaphanocephalus to the 

 Heterophyidae, however, do not appear sufficient to justify its inclu- 

 sion in this family. 



Specimens of flukes belonging to the Heterophyidae that have re- 

 cently come to the writer's attention have been found to represent a 

 number of species as follows: Two new species oi Ascocotyle from the 

 fox {Vulpes lagopus) ; a new species of Apophallus from a gull 

 (Lams delawarensis) ; Cryptocotyle lingua from the harbor seal 

 {Phoca vitulina), for comparison with which some of the type speci- 

 mens of Hallum caninum from the dog {=^C. lingua) have been 

 available through the courtesy of Parke, Davis and Co. ; and two new 

 species representing a new genus — one from the cat, dog, and fox, 

 and the other from the harbor seal. 



Family HETEROPHYIDAE Odhner, 1914. 



Family diagnosis. — Fascioloidea : Small and very small forms 

 usually not over 2 mm, long, rarely slightly longer, not exceeding 

 5 mm. in length. Anterior portion of body in front of ventral sucker 

 thinner, more slender and more movable than the posterior portion. 

 Surface of body thickly covered with small thin backward project- 

 ing scales that become reduced posteriorly and may entirely disap- 

 pear toward the posterior end of the body. Intestinal ceca simple 

 tubular sacs, commonly extending nearly to the posterior end of the 

 body, i-unning parallel with the lateral borders and not far removed 

 from them throughout most of their course. Genital pore in the im- 

 mediate neighborhood of the ventral sucker. Genital sucker may 

 be present. Ventral sucker usually median, but may be displaced to 

 the right of the median line. No cirrus pouch. Vas deferens and 

 vagina with a common opening. Testes oval, globular, or slightly 

 lobed, near the posterior end of the body, side by side, or obliquely 

 one in front of the other. Seminal vesicle well developed, U- or S- 

 shaped, the vas deferens surrounded proximally with a mass of x)ros- 



