No. 232S. LARVAE OF THE CLERIDAE—BOVING AND CHAMPLAIN. 633 



base of the tree and begin to construct their pupal cells. They 

 overwinter in these cells in the larval stage. 



The cells are made in the dirt and debris, in bark crevices, or any 

 suitable place. The cell is lined with the exudation, foam-like and 

 of a silvery luster. This tends to hold all loose particles together, 

 especially when the cell is made in the soil, and provides a smooth 

 surface for the larva and pupa to rest upon as well as a protective 

 covering. 



No larvae were found in trees containing the overwintering 

 Dendroctonus broods. 



Pupae. — Exact duration of pupal stage not learned, but probably 

 short. After transformation the adults may remain for a time in 

 their cells and emerge in May, appearing in numbers in June. 



The control of D. f<ynderosae in Colorado should be attempted 

 between September and April, inclusive, of the following year in 

 order to prevent the destruction of these predators which are then 

 in their cells at the base of trees from which the Dendroctonus 

 broods have already emerged. 



During May, June, July, and August the Clerid larvae are in the 

 trees feeding upon the Dendroctonus broods. The larvae of 

 E. sphegeus were seldom found among the D. ponderosae broods dur- 

 ing the winter months. 



Observations by Champlain, assisted by W. D. Edmonston and 

 George Hofer. 



There are more records of E. spliegeus on file in the office of 

 the forest entomologist than any other species. It is very common 

 and easily handled, and should prove of great benefit as a predator 

 on Dendroctonus and other barkbeetles in coniferous trees during 

 control operations. 



Its seasonal history in connection with the species to be controlled 

 would be the first item ; then proper measures for the safety of the 

 predator could be made while destroying the host. 



It is found in most of the western pines, spruce, and fir; also 

 Pseudotsuga taxifolla and Larix occidentalis. All of the records 

 show that it was predaceous upon or associated with barkbeetles, 

 principally Dendroctonus. 



Observations by Hopkins, Burke, Webb, Edmonston, Fiske, Brun- 

 ner, Champlain. 



ENOCLESUS ICHNEUMONEUS Fabricins. 



Is important as a predator on Scolytus Jt.-spinosus in hickory. 

 Reared from Juniperus virginiana infested with PMoeosmus and 

 Cerambycidae ; also from sweet gum and maple. 



The adults are diurnal and crawl over infested trees during sunny 

 days. They prey upon Scolytus and other insects and are usually 

 very abundant where they occur. The adults maj^ be found through- 



