No. 2324. PECCARIES FROM CUMBERLAND CAVE—GIDLEY. 653 



Hay seems to have realized this need in his brief study of the 

 peccaries as indicated in his treatise on The Pleistocene Mammals 

 of lowa.^ But he here redefined only, the family Tayassuidae and 

 but one living genus, Tayassu (not recognizing the other), together 

 with the two Pleistocene genera, Platygonus and Mylohyus. More- 

 over, Hay's definitions are based principally on characters of the 

 dentition and are not adequate except for the purpose for which they 

 evidently were intended, namely, of distinguishing the Pleistocene 

 genera from the living peccaries and from each other. The follow- 

 ing definitions are, therefore, here proposed : 



Family SUIDAE. 



1, Paired-toed ungulates, with diminishing lateral digits, but with 

 median digits never coalesced, and with simll modified along the 

 lines of a short cranium with high supraorbital region and more 

 or less elongated facial region (in living forms, snout abruptly 

 truncated, terminating in a vertically flattened and expanded pad.) 

 2, Dental series usually complete, and never with long diastema 

 behind the canines, cheek-teeth brachyodont-bunodont in type; the 

 premolars usually unreduced in numbers (in Bahirusa and Potamo- 

 choerus reduced to | ) , always more simple than the molars, and not 

 tending to become molariform; molars primarily four cusped, sub- 

 quadrate, relatively large, the last of the series in the more recent 

 forms tending to become greatly enlarged and lengthened by pos- 

 terior addition of cusps, and accompanied with complexity of tu- 

 bercles and enamel foldings; incisors usually | (sometimes f or ^) ; 

 premaxillae narrow, with alveolar border greatly lengthened, in- 

 cisors, except in the more primitive forms, increasing in size from 

 behind forward ; lower incisors more or less procumbent in the later 

 forms, the much elongated median two pairs converge forward so 

 that the tips of both pairs come in full contact with the hinder sur- 

 face of a single enlarged median pair above ; canines (especially in 

 the males) usually developed into large curved and formidable tusks, 

 the upper pair directed outward and tending to recurve upward 

 (extremely upturned in Babinisa), the lower pair irregularly tri- 

 angular in cross section ; 3, lachrymal large, extending well onto the 

 face, widely separating the jugal from contact with the frontal ; 4, 

 zygomatic ridge of the maxillary separated from the side of the face 

 by a wide rostral sulcus,- which extends backward above it nearly 

 to the anterior border of the orbit; 5, basicranial plane nearly paral- 

 lel with the plane of the palate (except inpotamoGhoe'riLs;) 6, glenoid 

 fossae elevated above the basicranial plane, and lying near the ex- 

 ternal auditory meatus; 7, paroccipital processes usually produced 



« Ann. Kept. Iowa Geol. Surv. for 1912, vol. 23, 1914, pp. 212-228. 

 a This sulcus carries the strongly developed snout muscles. 



